Recent Adopted

Recovery of green aqueous ammonia solution from biogas slurry and its CO2 absorption performance

Ruobing Xu , Mingfei Shi , Tao Sun , Youcheng Gu , Shuiping Yan

Adopted date: January 27,2026

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Abstract:
To achieve high-value utilization of biogas and nitrogen-rich biogas slurry, this study employed vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) to separate and concentrate ammonia nitrogen from biogas slurry into green ammonia solution, which was subsequently used for biogas CO2 capture. The recovery performance of ammonia nitrogen from biogas slurry and the CO2 absorption characteristics of the produced aqueous ammonia solution were systematically investigated. Results showed that increasing the biogas slurry pH and initial ammonia nitrogen concentration significantly enhanced the aqueous ammonia concentration in the recovered green aqueous ammonia solution. Notably, when the initial biogas slurry concentration was 6 g-N/L and the pH was adjusted to 10, the aqueous ammonia concentration in the green aqueous ammonia solution reached 28.03 g-N/L. Moreover, coupling the permeate-side pressure with the biogas slurry temperature—while ensuring that the permeate pressure matched the corresponding saturated vapor pressure of water—yielded markedly higher ammonia separation factors and aqueous ammonia concentrations than adjusting either parameter alone. At an initial concentration of 1.5 g-N/L, under 60 °C and 20 kPa, the ammonia separation factor reached 15.86 after 6 h of operation, and the aqueous ammonia concentration reached 6.58 g-N/L. The CO2 absorption performance of the green aqueous ammonia solution was strongly influenced by the aqueous ammonia concentration, liquid velocity rate, and biogas flow velocity. When the aqueous ammonia concentration was 0.7 mol/L, with a liquid flow velocity of 60 mL/min and a biogas flow velocity of 0.3 L/min, the CO2 removal efficiency reached 98.79%. Although high concentrations of volatile fatty acids exhibited some inhibitory effect on CO2 absorption, the impurity levels in practical aqueous ammonia solution are typically low; thus, the recovered green aqueous ammonia solution can provide excellent CO2 capture performance.

Development of IRAP Markers and Molecular Identification of Idesia polycarpa Germplasms

ZHENG Xiaoya , HE Ying , WU Maohong , WANG Xiaoli , LENG Yuxin , ZHOU Kui , WEN Xiaopeng

Adopted date: January 26,2026

[Abstract](6) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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Idesia polycarpais Maxim. is an excellent woody oil tree species with significant economic and ecological value. Currently, the Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) marker system was developed in I. polycarpa based on the retrotransposon sequences of genome. Subsequently, 101 accessions from Guizhou Province were analyzed using 17 IRAP primers to construct molecular IDs and elucidate genetic relationships. The results indicated that the optimal 10-μL IRAP-PCR system was established as 0.6 μL template DNA, 1 μL IRAP primer, 6 μL PCR Mix, 2.4 μL ddH?O, and 40 PCR cycles via an L16(43) orthogonal test. Amplification with the 17 primers yielded 160 polymorphic fragments, averaging 9.4 per primer, with a polymorphic percentage of 100%. The average values of primers for the number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Nei's gene diversity index (H), and Shannon's diversity index (I) were 2.000, 1.419, 0.261, and 0.412, respectively. Taking similarity coefficient 0.75 as a threshold, the 101 accessions were categorized into seven distinct groups. Furthermore, the germplasms, e.g. STZ74 andSTZ43 with the highest oil contents, were clustered into Group 6, and majority of those with the lowest oil contents were grouped into Group 1, e.g. STZ29, STZ41, STZ35, STZ30, and STZ31, et al. Seven core IRAP primers might efficiently differentiate all the accessions, thereby the obtained markers were used to construct DNA fingerprint and to generate molecular IDs. This study provides a valuable marker technology for the precise identification and genetic relationship analysis of I. polycarpa germplasms.

Lightweight YOLOv8 Model for Apple Leaf Disease Detection Based on Pruning and Knowledge Distillation

Zhang shuaiping , Shi lei , Zheng guang , Wang huixin , Yin fei

Adopted date: January 15,2026

[Abstract](15) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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Apple leaf diseases significantly impact fruit quality and yield. To overcome the limitations of existing detection methods in accuracy, real-time performance, and robustness under complex noise conditions, this study proposes SMPD-YOLO, a lightweight and real-time apple leaf disease detection model. Specifically, a Spatial Pyramid Pooling Fast Cross Stage Partial CSP (SPPFCSPC) module is integrated into the backbone network to enhance feature fusion. The Minimum Point Distance-IoU (MPD-IoU) is employed as the bounding box regression loss to improve model precision and accelerate convergence. The model is further compressed and computational complexity reduced via Layer Adaptive Magnitude-based Pruning (LAMP), while channel-wise knowledge distillation (CWD) is applied to boost detection performance. Experimental results demonstrate that SMPD-YOLO achieves a mean Average Precision (mAP@0.5) of 90.20% and a frame rate of 133.3 frames per second (FPS), with a model size of 5.0 MB and 7.3 GFLOPs. Additionally, SMPD-YOLO maintains strong robustness under challenging conditions, including strong illumination, low light, and image blur. Overall, the model combines high accuracy, lightweight design, and real-time performance, providing a lightweight design approach for achieving efficient leaf disease detection on resource-constrained equipment.

Research on the Configuration of the Lakeside Area Greenway Network from the Perspective of Daily Life

Huang Yimo , Tang Liwen , Xiong Yuan , Li Jingbo

Adopted date: January 11,2026

[Abstract](17) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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This research explores the spatial configuration of greenway networks from the perspective of everyday life, taking the lakeside area of Shahu in Wuhan as a case study. It aims to shift the traditional focus of greenways from “ecological-recreational” functions towards serving as multifunctional infrastructures that support residents’ high-frequency daily activities. Guided by Henri Lefebvre’s theory of everyday life, the study conceptualizes daily practices into four typical scenarios: commuting, shopping, recreation, and social-health activities. An integrated “point-line-weight” analytical framework is established by identifying key nodes (e.g., residential buildings, service facilities, and transport hubs), simulating multi-scenario travel routes, and qualifying vegetated corridors through Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) analysis. Using Urban Network Analysis (UNA) tools, path usage frequency and accessibility are quantified. A hierarchical greenway network is formed by overlaying

Comprehensive evaluation of the landscape application potential of Hubei wild plants in Wuhan

Fu Hansen , Yao Chonghuai

Adopted date: January 11,2026

[Abstract](19) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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To promote the development and application of wild plants in Hubei Province, and address the problem of insufficient utilization of native plants in urban landscape greening,1,000 common wild plants in Hubei Province were selected as the candidate pool to establish an evaluation model for the application potential of landscape greening, including 21 evaluation indicators and corresponding grading rules for application potential. The results showed that: (1) Based on the comprehensive evaluation

A Comparative Study on Interspecific Relationships of Woody Plants from Different Construction Periods of Urban Parks in Shanghai

Shang Kan kan , zhangjiale , wangruoyu , yeziyi , Huyuandong

Adopted date: January 11,2026

[Abstract](18) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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To reveal the dynamic characteristics of interspecific relationships among woody plants in Shanghai urban parks during different construction periods, this study 14 urban parks belonging to 4 periods (before 1995, 1995-2004, 2005-2015, and after 2016). 1,434 plant community quadrats (1m 10m) were surveyed, focusing on 29 arbor species and 27 shrub species with an important value ≥ 5. Interspecific associations were analyzed using the variance ratio (VR), χ2 test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The results showed that the overall associations of arbors and shrubs in each period were significantly positive (VR > 1, p < 0.05), and their stability gradually increased with the passage of construction time, with the VR value rising from 1.43 in Period I to 1.98 in Period IV. There were obvious differences in interspecific relationships in the arbor layer: in the early stage, non-significant negative associations dominated, such as between Camphora officinarum and Taxodium mucronatum; in the later stage, significant positive associations formed, such as between Triadica sebifera and T. mucronatum. The shrub layer maintained a strong positive association throughout all periods, with the VR reaching 1.98 in Period IV. Among them, the proportion of positively correlated species pairs shown by the Spearman rank test reached 23.81%, significantly higher than the 4.76% shown by the Pearson test, indicating that the Spearman rank test is more sensitive to capturing weak synergistic relationships. Therefore, it is suggested that differentiated plant configuration strategies should be adopted for parks in different construction periods. For the renovation of early-stage parks, priority should be given to replacing arbor species with negative associations; in all periods, clustered configuration of adaptable shrub species should be strengthened to improve the stability of plant communities.

Urban-Scale Particulate Matter Dispersion Patterns Using a Near-Surface High-Density Monitoring Sensor Network: A Case Study of Central Xiangyang

Wei Xue , Jingxuan Xiao , Yuhe Zhu , Xuan MA , Yuli Fan , Hong Kong , Zhonghua Wu , Zhihao Sun , Genyu Xu , Qingming Zhan

Adopted date: January 11,2026

[Abstract](21) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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Many industrial cities in China continue to face severe particulate matter (PM) pollution. Strategically selecting green space locations within urban areas is an effective approach to mitigate PM pollution. However, existing studies predominantly focus on the mechanisms by which different pollution sources influence PM dispersion and distribution, often overlooking the heterogeneity caused by individual variations within the same type of pollution source. This oversight leads to inaccurate estimations of PM dispersion ranges, thereby hindering precise guidance for green space site selection. To address this gap, this study employs a Gaussian dispersion model under the principles of PM dispersion dynamics. We calculate the two-dimensional kernel density distribution of potential PM2.5 and PM10 dispersion for each influencing factor under varying Gaussian standard deviations (i.e., at different scales). This serves as a comprehensive representation of their spatial influence intensity on surrounding areas, forming a Gaussian Kernel Density Dataset that incorporates multi-scale impact characteristics of all factors. Subsequently, a dual-precision nested algorithm is designed to screen for the most effective and representative factors, constructing an explanatory variable dataset. Finally, a geographically weighted regression model is established to quantify the spatial characteristics and influence intensity of each factor on PM dispersion, enabling precise guidance for optimal green space allocation.

Response dynamics of zebrafish (Danio rerio) gill mucosal immunity and commensal microbiota to localized infection with Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCV)

Yu Yongyao

Adopted date: January 11,2026

[Abstract](20) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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The gill, as vital respiratory organs in fish, maintain direct mucosal contact with aquatic pathogens, wherein their immune system and surface microbiota collectively form a critical defensive barrier.This study established a localized Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCV) infection model in zebrafish to investigate the dynamic responses of gill mucosal immunity and symbiotic microbiota during viral invasion. Viral load, histopathological alterations, and immune-related gene expression profiles were analyzed at multiple post-infection timepoints (1, 4, 7, and 14 days). Results revealed structural disintegration of gill lamellae, respiratory epithelial shedding, and inflammatory cell infiltration following SVCV infection. Concurrently, antiviral genes (ifn-γ,mxc) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tnfα,il1β) exhibited significant upregulation, particularly during the acute infection phase (4 days post-infection).Integrated transcriptomic and 16S rRNA sequencing further elucidated temporal shifts in mucosal immune pathways and surface microbiota during acute (4 days) and recovery (14 days) phases. Acute infection triggered pronounced inflammatory responses and dysbiosis of the gill microbiota, characterized by proliferation of opportunistic pathogens (e.g.,Pseudomonas) and their translocation into host tissues. This prompted simultaneous activation of systemic and mucosal immune defenses against viral and bacterial co-infections. Notably, both inflammatory signatures and microbiota composition showed partial restoration by the recovery phase.This study demonstrates that SVCV induced gill barrier disruption facilitates microbial dysbiosis and secondary bacterial infections.These findings underscore the necessity for prophylactic measures against bacterial outbreaks during viral epidemics, providing critical insights for the management of Spring Viremia of Carp.

Design and Experiment of an Adaptive Header Height Control System for a Ratooning Rice Combine Harvester

He Lihong , Yang Hao , Zheng Rui , Long Yu , Xu Hongmei

Adopted date: January 08,2026

[Abstract](13) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

Abstract:
In the first season of ratoon rice harvesting, it was necessary to maintain appropriate stubble height according to varietal characteristics to ensure successful regeneration in the second season. When harvesting ratoon rice with existing grain combine harvesters in China, frequent adjustment of the header height was often required due to uneven field terrain. Currently, this operation is primarily performed manually by the operator, which not only increased labor intensity but also constrained harvesting efficiency. To address this issue, this study designed an adaptive header height control system for a ratoon rice combine harvester. First, a structural model of the header copying wheel for height control was established. Second, the hydraulic system of a 4LZ-1.6Z grain combine harvester was modified and optimized, and a control system simulation model was developed using Simulink to compare and analyze the performance of classical PID and fuzzy PID control strategies. Then, performance verification was carried out using response accuracy and response speed as test indicators. The results showed that the mean absolute error for classical PID control was 17.3 mm, while that for fuzzy PID control was 10.5 mm. In terms of response speed, the average values for classical PID control during header lifting and lowering were 0.185 m/s and 0.213 m/s, respectively, whereas those for fuzzy PID control were 0.202 m/s and 0.219 m/s. Finally, a field test on uneven terrain was conducted based on the fuzzy PID control algorithm, demonstrating that the header height remained stable at approximately 500 mm, with a mean deviation of 6.81 mm and a stability coefficient of variation of 1.62%, indicating that the proposed control strategy exhibited good stability and tracking performance. This study provided an effective technical solution for header height control in the mechanical harvesting of ratoon rice, offering practical value for improving harvesting quality and operational efficiency.

The supportive influence of park green spaces in urban built environments on avian diversity

panyanbin

Adopted date: January 06,2026

[Abstract](21) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)

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Eight large urban parks in the built-up area of Wuhan were selected, and observational data from the public science platform for the three years of 2022 to 2024 were obtained. Analysis and comparison were conducted on the habitat types, bird species count, resident types, faunal composition, and endangered and rare species of birds, in order to assess the bird diversity status in Wuhan"s urban park green spaces. It was concluded that Wuhan"s urban parks play a significant role in bird diversity conservation, and the bird diversity status is positively correlated with the area of park green spaces, vegetation coverage, community structure, and the degree of naturalization around the parks. Meanwhile, a comparison was made with the bird diversity status in representative park green spaces in Beijing and Shanghai to analyze the deficiencies in the construction of bird diversity in Wuhan"s park green spaces. Based on this, measures were proposed to improve the connectivity of urban green spaces, construct large-scale woodlands in large green spaces, optimize plant configuration patterns using native species, and moderately rewild urban green spaces to further enhance the bird diversity in urban green spaces.

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