Abstract:Genomic in situ hybridization（GISH）analysis on Oryza schweinfurthian with digoxigenin-labelled genomic DNA from O.sativa was used to study the relationship between the A genome of O.sativa and BC genome of O.schweinfurthian.Karyotype analysis was made based on the similar band patterns of the hybridization signal.The result showed that A genome of cultivated rice had higher homology with genome of African wild rice,including repetitive DNA sequence conserved between cultivated rice and African wild rice.

Abstract:Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling hormone in plants, playing a role in induced defense responses. After treatment with exogenous SA, changes in liposygenase (LOX) activity, phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) activity and peroxidase (POD) activity increased significantly compared with those in contro1. The activity of three enzymes increased more remarkably and rapidly on the leaves of the incompatible rice line than those in the compatible rice line. CAT activity decreased on the leaves of two rice cultivars. Pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins) are a characteristic of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants. The results showed that changes in two PR proteins, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase, were also increased more remarkably and rapidly on the leaves of the incompatible rice line than on those of the compatible rice line. The results also showed that endogenous SA had little change either on the leaves of the two rice cultivars after inoculation with exogenous SA. The results suggest that defense-related enzymes and SAR in rice leaves induced by exogenous SA might play an important role in rice resistance to rice blast.

Abstract:In order to obtain high quality protoplasts for the transformation of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG-1 IA,isolate GD-118 of this pathogen was used for the protoplast preparation and regeneration by optimizing the conditions in six aspects for the preparation of protoplast, including enzymes, mycelial ages, digest times, digest temperature, digest pH and osmotic stabilizers and their concentrations, and in two aspects for the regeneration of protoplast, including digest time and osmotic stabilizers together with their concentrations. The results showed that the best optimized combination conditions for the preparation of protoplast were “cellulase + lysozyme + driselase” at final total enzyme concentration of 10 mg/mL, 15 h of mycelial age, 3 h of digestion, 0.6 mol/L of MgSO4·7H2O as osmotic stabilizer,35 ℃ of digest temperature and pH 5.6, which gave the protoplast yield as high as 4.00×107/g fresh mycelia; whereas 3 h of digestion and 1.0 mol/L of mannitol were the best optimized conditions for the regeneration of protoplast in this study, and the regeneration rate was 39%. 

Abstract:In recent years,Rhychophorus ferrugineus（Olvier）,which belongs to Curculionidae,Coleoptera,is becoming a very serious pest on coconut. Ecological environment factors affecting its growth and development were comprehensively analyzed by combining Maxent ecological niche models with geographical information system technique and the distribution features of the host plants were taken into consideration. As a result, the relatively exact potential distribution region of R.ferrugineus all over China was obtained quantitatively and intuitively. The checked result of receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve analysis showed that the area under curve （AUC） value of Maxent ecological niche models reached 0.958 (very close to 1), indicating that the predicted results was fairly satisfactory.

Abstract:Under the condition of rearing environment, photoperiod L/D=16 h/8 h,temperature (25±1) ℃, relative humidity 75% to 85%. We tested the preference of Adelphocoris suturalis Jakovlev adults for three different types of nutrition and the effects of the nutrition on the development, survival and fecundity of the insects. The results showed that kidney bean＋honey could attract most bugs, which was significantly different from the other two types of nutrition, namely kidney bean and kidney bean + pollen. The nymphal period, fecundity and hatching rate of the insects were significantly different after they were fed with different types of nutrition, which proved that different types of nutrition could arouse different effects on their development and reproduction. 

Abstract:The pathogenicity of Verticillium lecanii MZ041024 to the adults and larvae of Thrips palmi Karny under five different concentrations,3.0×104，3.0×105，3.0×106，3.0×107， 3.0×108 spores/mL,was determined. The results indicated that the pathogenicity of Verticillium lecanii MZ041024 to the mortality rate of the adults was respectively 45.85%, 51.67%, 71.49%, 76.93% and 84.66% under the concentrations of 3.0×104，3.0×105，3.0×106， 3.0×107, 3.0×108 spores/mL.After 5 d,6 d,7 d and 8 d treated,the LC50 of the adults was (2.999±0.017)×107,(2.869±0.041)×106,(3.569±0.053)×105, (8.724±0.094)×104 spores/mL,while the LT50 of the adults was (7.73±0.11) d,(5.61±0.16) d, (5.04±0.16) d and (4.59±0.09) d under the concentrations of 3.0×105，3.0×106，3.0×107 and 3.0×108 spores/mL. The mortality rate of the larvae was respectively 46.82%,54.97%,72.63%, 78.85% and 87.69% under the concentrations of 3.0×104 ，3.0×105，3.0×106，3.0×107 and 3.0×108 spores/mL. After 5 d,6 d,7 d and 8 d treated, the LC50 of the larvae was (1.123±0.007)×107, (1.199±0.018)×106, (1.873±0.017)×105, (6.682±0.041)×104 spores/mL,while the LT50of the larvae was (7.15±0.13) d,(5.48±0.14) d,(4.99±0.23) d and (4.32±0.23) d under the concentrations of 3.0×105, 3.0×106, 3.0×107 and 3.0×108 spores/mL.

Abstract:This trial selected two banana varieties: resistant Haigong and sensitive Williams B6 by resistant identify test, and utilized their root exudation to deal with the eggs of south root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) to study the effects of the exudation on the pests’ egg hatch and their larva’s pathogenicity. The results showed as follows: after inoculation, the total hatching rate of south root knot nematode with the processing of Haigong root exudation was 63.26% and the average disease index of Haigong was 22.13, while as for Williams B6, the two indexes were 80.29% and 53.35. Their differences between the two varieties were significantly different.

Abstract:Using Brassica napus P-efficient genotype 102 and P-inefficient genotype 105 as experiment materials,organic acids exudations based on nutrition solution culture,and the uptake and accumulation of P,Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn in plants under pot experiment were investigated under different P treatments,respectively.The results showed that under low P treatment,the total organic acid exudated by both genotypes was higher than that under high P treatment,and P-efficient genotype 102 released much more organic acids than P-inefficient genotype 105.In pot experiment,P,Fe,Mn and Zn uptake of both genotypes increased significantly with the increased P levels,and P concentration was negative correlated significantly with Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn.Under low-P treatment (P15),P-efficient genotype 102 could acquire much more P,Fe,Mn and Zn than P-inefficient genotype 105,which might be attributed to more organic acids improving the availability of these elements in soil.

Abstract:Salt accumulation and ion constitution were studied by investigating greenhouse Gerbera jamesionii cultivation in Fengxian Area of Shanghai City,and analyzing both greenhouse and open field soil samples.The results showed that soil acidification and secondary salinization occurred.Soil acidification was mainly due to the accumulation of NO3-.Apart from HCO3-、K+,the contents of Cl-、SO42-、NO3-、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+increased to different degree in greenhouse soils and they were well correlated each other. NO3- and Ca2+ were the major ions in the soils.The significant stepwise regression equation between ions and soil salinity is ρ（soil salinity）=0.291+5.295ρ(Ca2+)+2.177ρ(NO3-).

Abstract:A insertional mutant library of Bacillus thuringiensis strain YBT-1518 was constructed with a thermo-sensitive plasmid pIC333 carrying Mini-Tn10.A mutant (named MA1) defective in germination response to L-alanine was isolated from the library by detecting with phase-contract microscopy and D600 nm.Further studies indicate that MA1 was defective in germination response to other amino acid (such as L- phenylalanine,L-valine and L-leucine) and sugars (such as glucose,sucrose and fructose),different from other reported mutants.Results indicate that MA1 is a new type defective in spore germination.

Abstract:The symbiotic nodulation between legumes and rhizobacteria is an interactive process of exchange of signal molecules.Genes for nodulation signal pathway NSP1 and NSP2 are the essential components for nod-factor induced symbiotic signal pathway. Protein encoded by LjNSP1 and LjNSP2 includes the plant-specific GRAS domain,which are predicted to code transcription factor,but the unique biochemical evidence remains to be identified.To examine this inference,the above two genes were fused into DNA binding domain for yeast GAL4 transcription factor with yeast two hybrid.Whether or not activating expression of downstream reporter genes were utilized to test their function of transcriptional activation.Our result substantiated encoding products of these two genes possess such activation in yeast.To further determine the transcriptional activation region,a series of deletion mutants were constructed,which successfully identified the activation region belonging to the variable domain of N terminal of each protein.Yeast one -hybrid was performed to test whether LjNSP1 and LjNSP2 proteins,possess function of binding promoter for certain specified genes as transcription factor.The result showed that proteins encoded by LjNSP1 and LjNSP2 were capable of binding promoter of NIN (nodulation initiation) gene,but failed to bind that of CBP1(calcium binding protein ) gene.This study demonstrates that LjNSP1 and LjNSP2 possess function of binding particular DNA and transcriptional activation,providing important significance for the elucidation of mechanism for nod-factor induced signaling.

Abstract:The mature peptide coding sequence of xylanase gene xynA was amplified by RT-PCR from Aspergillus niger GIM3.452 total RNA extracts.The result suggested that the mature peptide sequence of xynA was consisted of 927 bp,and encoded 308 amino acids.Then,the mature peptide sequence and signal peptide sequence of pig parotid secretory protein gene were splicing by overlap extension PCR (SOE-PCR).SPA was subcloned into the eukaryotic expressing plasmid vector pcDNA6/HisTMA.The recombinant plasmid pcDNA-SPA was identified by PCR,enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing.The result showed that the recombinant plasmid of pcDNA-SPA was constructed correctly.Meanwhile,the PK15 cells were transfected with pcDNA-SPA by cationic liposome,and the mRNA of the target gene was determined by RT-PCR.The maximum yield of the recombinant xylanase in cell culture medium was 7.6 IU/mL.

Abstract:PCR-RFLP technique was applied in this study to analyze the polymorphism of intron 1 of porcine MyoD1 gene in 3 pure breeds (Tongcheng,Landrace,Yorkshire) and 2 crossbred breeds (LYT,YLT).There was a base transition in the 257th nucleotides of intron 1 (C-A),which lead to the change of DdeⅠdigestion site.PCR products digested with DdeⅠindicated that there were two alleles，three genotypes.The C allele was predominant in Tongcheng pigs，while the frequency of A allele and C allele was close in other groups.The relationship with growth,carcass and meat quality traits revealed that different genotypes were related with meat color score and water loss rate (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Meat color score with CC genotype was significant higher than AA and AC genotype (P<0.05),but the water loss rate was extremely significant lower than that with AA genotype (P<0.01).So the meat quality of individual with CC genotype was better.These results confirmed that MyoD1 gene was an important candidate gene for meat quality,and the polymorphism of the 257th nucleotides of intron 1 offered molecular marker for marker assisted selection of porcine meat quality.

Abstract:In order to investigate the cytoarchitecture of cortex and the distribution of GABA- immunopositive cells in the cerebellum of Sanhuang chicken,the cerebellums of ten Sanhuang chicken were studied by Nissl staining and SABC techniques.The results showed that the cytoarchitecture of cerebellar cortex of Sanhuang chicken was similar to that of Pekin duck,silky fowl,pigeon and African Ostrich.GABA-immunopositive cells were located in the Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex,and their immunopositive were especially strong. A large number of GABA-immunopositive cells were also distributed in the cerebellar nuclei,which taking on fusiform or irregular polygon and their cytoplasm were intensively stained.The results of the present study demonstrated that GABA-immunopositive cells were distributed in the cerebellar cortex,which had a vital influence on maintaining cerebellar complicated function.

Abstract:To provide genetic background on germplasm of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala),SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers were used to investigate genetic diversity of three natural populations of M.amblycephalafrom Yuni Lake,Liangzi Lake and Poyang Lake in the middle of the Yangtze River drainage.Thirteen pairs of primer combinations,which were screened from 88 primer pairs,produced clear and polymorphic bands and were used for SRAP amplification.The numbers of amplified loci per primer pair ranged from 8 to 21,and a total of 172 loci were detected in three populations.Of which,percent of polymorphic loci (P),Nei’s gene diversity (h) and Shannon’s information index (I) were the highest in Poyang population (P =58.14%,h=0.184 9,I=0.279 9),followed by Liangzi population (P =51.16%,h=0.152 4,I=0.234 7) and Yuni population (P=29.07%,h=0.090 4,I=0.137 1).The genetic diversity was the highest in Poyang population and was the lowest in Yuni population.The Nei’s unbiased genetic distance and genetic identity among the three populations was from 0.086 6 to 0.220 7 and from 0.802 0 to 0.917 0,respectively.UPGMA cluster analysis showed that there was farther genetic relationship between the Poyang and the Yuni populations with the most genetic distance (0.220 7),and closer genetic relationship between the Poyang and the Liangzi populations with the least genetic distance (0.086 6).

Abstract:The dominant bacterial strain,designated as BCB01,was isolated from the kidney of enteric septicaemia of black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus.Artificial intraperitoneal injection with the bacterial suspensions to healthy black carp could reproduce the diseased symptoms as occurred in wild.Identification of the pathogen by Biolog system showed that the isolated causative pathogen BCB01 was Aeromonas hydrophila.According to their 16S rRNA gene sequence and molecular phylogenetic dendrogram,the strain BCB01 had close relationship to Aeromonas hydrophila with a similarity of 99%.The susceptibility test to antibiotics demonstrated that the isolate strain BCB01 was susceptible to most of the tested antibiotics,especially highly susceptible to 11 kinds of antibiotics,such as fortum,cefoxitin,cefobid and so on.

Abstract:Microflora in the digestive tract of yellow catfish (Pseudobagrus fulvidraco) and in the water were studied in this paper.Results showed that:the logarithm of aerobic and facultive,anaerobic bacteria of foregut,midgut and hindgut were 5.27±0.74,6.26±0.36,7.56±0.61,respectively.Obligate anaerobic bacteria numbers were 2 to 3 orders of magnitude more than the other two kinds with Bifidobacterium the dominant species.The logarithm of bacteria in water was 4.80±0.73.It indicated that the concentration of nutrients were not very high.Aeromonas,Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter were dominant species in the digestive tract of fish.They were also dominant species in water.In addition,the number of bacteria in the digestive tract of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco suffered from hemorrhage disease significantly increased.Aeromonas increased 18.3%~33.6%.And bacteria species decreased significantly.It showed that the opportunistic pathogens can cause diseases only in certain conditions and based on quantitative superiority.

Abstract:Effects of CaCl2 concentration on the changes of morphological and physiological characteristics were investigated using Orostachys malachophyllus as experimental material.The result showed that when concentration of CaCl2 ranged from 5 to 10 mmol/L,leaf color was dark green and plant types were compacted.The diameter of crown,leaf area and length of root increased a little more than that of the control.The content of chlorophyⅡincreased compared with that of the control but other physiological indices showed no significant difference.Under the treatment of 20 mmol/L CaCl2,leaf area was approximate and length of root increased,but diameter of crown decreased with no significant difference.Electrical conductivity,MDA content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes including SOD,POD,CAT increased,while relative water and content of chlorophyⅡwere a little less than that of control.Under the treatment of 40 and 50 mmol/L CaCl2,leaf color became yellow and plant types got loosed.Diameter of crown,leaf area and length of root decreased remarkably.Electrical conductivity,MDA Content,antioxidant enzymes increased remarkably but relative water and content of chlorophyⅡdecreased remarkably.These results showed that Orostachys malachophyllus can tolerance 5 to 20 mmol/L CaCl2 with nutrient solution especially better under the treatment of 5 to 10 mmol/L.But more than 20 mmol/L CaCl2 was added to the nutrient solution,the plant growth was significantly inhibited.

Abstract:Twenty-nine index data are chosed to evaluated the current situation of human settlement environment of 286 Chinese cities by the factor analytic method.The current situation and its regional difference of urban human settlement environment in China is exposed.The results indicate that:(1)The situation of Chinese urban human settlement environment as a whole is low.Among the 286 cities,there are only 119 cities which comprehensive score of the urban human settlement environment greater than 0,the percentage is 41.6%.(2)The situations of human settlement environment in different cities have significant difference.The gap between the highest comprehensive score and the lowest is near 5.And the comprehensive score of majority of the cities concentrate in (-0.5,0.5).(3)With regard to region difference aspec,the easten and westen cities surpasses the cities in the midddle region,and the difference of the situation of urban human settlement environment in different provinces is remarkable.

Abstract:The genomic DNA of Ormosia henryi Prain was digested by MseⅠand ligated with adapters.After PCR amplification,the fragments ranging from 500 to 1 000 bp were isolated,purified and hybridized with biotin-labeled probes (GA)12 and (AAG)8.Fragments containing simple sequence repeats (SSR) were enriched using magnetic beads coated with streptavidin,then cloned into pMD19-T vectors and transformed into E.coli to construct SSR genomic DNA library.78 positive clones were screened with PCR method.After sequenced,24 microsatellite sequences were identified and 9 pairs of SSR primers of Ormosia henryi Prain were developed successfully.

Abstract:Effects of red plastic films and fluorescent light (as control) on the contents of chlorophyll,alkaloids and the expression of biosynthesis pathway genes in the leaves of Catharanthus roseus aseptic seedlings were studied.The results showed that chlorophyll content in leaves was higher under red films than that under fluorescent light on the first 30 d,and the chlorophyll content under red films decreased significantly after 3 d (P<0.05).The ratio of chlorophyll a/b was lower than control.The content of vindoline (VIN) and catharanthine (CAT) firstly increased a little and then decreased compared with control.The content of vinblastine (VBL),as a coupling product of VIN and CAT increased gradually and reached the highest on the 15th day (0.028 0±0.005 1) mg/g in shade culture.The plastic films induced the high expression of alkaloids biosynthesis pathway genes (Tdc,Str,Dat and D4h).The results indicated that plants under shade treatment with red films were positively regulated by physiological metabolisms.

Abstract:Grass carp fillets treated with ozone were packed with vacuum package(Ⅰ),100% CO2 package(Ⅱ),75% CO2+25% N2package(Ⅲ),55% CO2+45% N2 package(Ⅳ),respectively and then stored at control freezing-point temperature.Changes of total bacteria,microbial composition,TVB-N value,TBA value,sensory quality,drop loss rate,and texture properties of grass carp fillets during controlled freezing-point storage were studied.The results showed that vacuum package and 100% CO2 package had remarkable inhibition on the bacteria growth and quality of grass carp fillets.The TVB-N value of grass carp fillets with vacuum package and 100% CO2 package under the control freezing-point temperature storage after 28 days were maintained the first grade quality.However,the drop loss rate of grass carp fillets with 100% CO2 package was lower than that with vacuum package.During controlled freezing-point storage,Gram-positive bacterium in grass carp fillets increased while gram-negative bacterium decreased.The effect of CO2 inhibition on the growth of total bacteria increases with the increase of its concentration.

Abstract:Changes of major biochemistry composition during the process of green tea from Titian Xiufeng in terraced field were investigated.The results showed that the content of chlorophyll decreased and the green hue of color decreased.The content of amino acids and soluble sugar firstly increased and then decreased.The increase of amino acids and soluble sugar in drying period were useful for the formation of aroma substance.Tea polyphenols and the catechins contents decreased,among which contents of the EGCG and ECG decreased significantly while contents of the EGC，C and EC increased.It was important for good quality of Titian Xiufeng tea to select reasonable processing technology and proper technical parameters based on changes of the contents of major chemical compositions.

Abstract:Streptococcus equin EF02 yielding 3.05 g/L HA was obtained through mutation and screening.After optimizing with single factor and orthogonal experiments,the fermentation medium was put into the 15 L fermentor.The yield of HA was 3.47 g/L,increasing by 13.77% compared with EF02 before optimization.It produced HA 3.66 g/L under the optimized fermentation conditions,increasing 20.00% comparing with EF02 before optimization.HA products were isolated and purified.The results showed that the extraction rate of HA,purity and the residual rate of protein was 98.36%,91.28%,0.97%,respectively.

Abstract:In this study,two methods were used to clean fresh eggs within 12 h post partum，one of which was the new wet wiping method (hot wet wiping method and cold wet wiping method),the other was the traditional clean method (spraying method).After such processing, the shelf life of these treated eggs was analyzed.Meanwhile,the eggs without any treatment were taken as the controls.The results showed as follows: compared with the control group,the shelf-life decreased during storage for all treated eggs. In appearance,tiny white powder appeared on the shells of the eggs with spraying processing 20 d after the eggs were put into 25 ℃ thermostat. As for the internal quality,the haugh unit,weight loss rate and yolk coefficient of the eggs with wet wiping and spraying treatment, were all lower than those of the control group. According to data analysis,hot wet wiping was the best clean method,and cold wet wiping method was next to it,while the poorest was spraying method.

Abstract:The effects of potassium fertilizer on cotton yield and its changing trends,and the technology of potassium fertilizer application in main cotton production areas in China over the past 50 years were reviewed.The effects of potassium on cotton nutrient,resistance and quality were elaborated.The effects of potassium fertilizer were different in different periods and regions.In recent years,as the promotion of potassium fertilizer and the increase of applied amount,the effects of potassium on cotton yield increase was reduced gradually in some cotton production regions.The necessity of potassium fertilizer,the time and amount of potassium fertilizer application should consider the potassium condition in local soil and the needing rule of fertilization.

Abstract:Cited papers published in the Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University during 2006-2007 were analyzed statistically using Chinese Citation Database of CNKI.Results showed that 316 papers among 366 papers (86.3%) published were cited with 1582 times cited in total and the mostly cited 23 times individually.Among 14 columns,the column of “Physiology and biochemistry”,“Horticulture and forestry science” were mostly cited,and “Literature review”,the characteristic column is the secondly most cited,and citation ratios of papers in“Others” are 62.5%.The top 20 papers with higher citation ratio were distributed in 9 columns,among them 7 papers are in the column “Horticulture and forestry science”,and 3 papers both in column“Aquatic farming” “Microbiology”.Twelve authors of the top 20 papers mostly cited are from Huazhong Agricultural University.Thus,the journal should set up unique columns based on the predominant disciplines of The University to enhance its academic influence.