A substantial of livestock waste has become a major contributor to agricultural non-point source pollution in China due to the rapid and constant development of livestock industry. Proper treatment and efficient resource utilization of livestock manure are critical to supporting sustainable agricultural development. There has been some progress in disposal of livestock manure both domestically and internationally. However, there are still certain challenges, including poor resource collection and utilization, inadequate pollution control, limited technology and facilities, high treatment cost with low returns, and unclear environmental effect assessment. To address these issues, this paper firstly examined the environmental impacts and pollution caused by livestock manure. It then evaluated three key resource utilization technologies of recycling livestock manure for feed, fertilizer and energy. In addition, the life cycle assessment (LCA) which could evaluate the economics and environmental suitability of related technologies was performed. This review will offer directions for future large-scale animal manure resource utilization and disposal in farms.