In order to simplify the detection steps of multi-pesticide residues in bananas, shorten the detection time and reduce the analysis cost, a rapid and accurate detection method for 11 common pesticides in bananas was established by solid-phase microextraction combined with ultra-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPME-UPLC-MS/MS). Two kinds of SPME fibers with extensive coverage capability and large extraction capacity were prepared by using cotton swabs as support carriers. The pesticides were extracted from diluted banana homogenate samples in a dual-fiber mode and desorbed by a little of methanol. The desorption solution was directly analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS and the analytes were quantified by matrix-matched external standard method. The results showed that the limits of detection of 11 pesticides in banana were 0.23~2.43 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification were 0.68~7.36 μg/kg. The recoveries were 86.2%~109.8% and the relative standard deviations were 0.6%~11.2%, which is in accordance with the relevant regulations of pesticide determination. The results indicate that the new method is simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate and low-cost, and can meet the requirements of rapid detection of multi-pesticide residues in bananas.