Sperms with high-quality in animals are the fundamental requirement for ensuring the breeding with high-quality and an important prerequisite for the completion of assisted reproductive technologies including artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization.Mitochondria in sperms，as important organelles inside sperm，are the energy metabolism center of sperm and participate in regulating processes including the hyperactivation and capacitation of sperms，the reaction of acrosome，etc.，thereby affecting the quality of sperm and the efficiency of fertilization in animals.Therefore，mitochondria in sperms are receiving more and more researches and attention.The quality of semen，artificial insemination，and in vitro fertilization may decrease due to the varying degrees of damage to mitochondria in sperms during in vitro storage.The reduction of mitochondrial damage or the enhancement of mitochondrial function during in vitro storage of sperms can maintain or improve the quality of sperm in vitro storage to meet needs for production with the in-depth study of mitochondria in sperms and the media for in vitro storage of sperms in recent years.This article reviewed the structural characteristics of mitochondria in sperms and the functions of mitochondria in sperms in regulating the quality of sperm through oxidative phosphorylation to produce adenosine triphosphate （ATP），reactive oxygen species （ROS），and maintaining the intracellular homeostasis of calcium （Ca²⁺） in sperm cells to regulate the quality of sperm and its mutual coupling.It will provide some ideas and directions for studying the mechanism of mitochondria in sperms in regulating the quality of sperm and optimizing the media for in vitro storage of semen.