Pot experiments were conducted to analyze the content of heavy metals in sediment and different organs of Zizania latifolia to systematically study the patterns of dissipation， the characteristics of enriching and transporting heavy metals including lead （Pb）， arsenic （As）， cadmium （Cd）， and mercury （Hg） in the sediment-Z. latifolia system， and the effects of these heavy metals on the botanical traits of Z. latifolia and the nutritional quality of its succulent stems. The results showed that planting Z. latifolia significantly promoted the dissipation of Pb in sediments， with a dissipation rate 2.4 times higher than that in sediments without planting Z. latifolia. The distribution of heavy metals in the organs of Z latifolia followed the pattern of roots>stems>leaves>succulent stems. The content of Pb， As， Cd， and Hg in roots was 1 508 times， 148 times， 261 times， and 9 times higher than that in the succulent stems， respectively. The biological enrichment factor and transport coefficient of these four heavy metals in Z. latifolia was all less than 1， indicating that Z. latifolia has weak ability to enrich and transport heavy metals， but its ability to enrich and transport Cd and Pb is higher than that of As and Hg. The level of Pb in succulent stems remained below the food safety limit， while the level of Cd exceeded the food safety limit within the concentration range of low-dose heavy metal treatment. The content of As and Hg in edible stems was below food safety limit at low concentrations of environmental pollution， while high concentrations of environmental pollution led to excessive As and Hg in edible stems. Heavy metal stress significantly increased the content of flavonoids， vitamin C， titratable acids， and crude fiber in edible stems， but decreased the content of reducing sugars and soluble solids， resulting in a decrease in the tenderness and sugar-to-acid ratio of the succulent stems. It is indicated that Z. latifolia has potential for remediating Pb in sediments within the concentration range of 0-30 mg/kg， and its succulent stems meet food safety standards， achieving a win-win situation for ecological restoration and economic benefits. It will provide theoretical support for the “remediation-production”synergistic model in heavy metal contaminated sediment and has significant implications for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture.