To improve the diagnostic efficiency of banana streak virus （BSV） and promote the healthy development of the banana industry，a multiplex immunocapture PCR method was established for the simultaneous detection of BSOLV，BSGFV，and BSIMV by optimizing primer concentration，annealing temperature，and other parameters. The specific primers were designed based on the conserved sequences of the coat protein （CP） gene from the banana streak OL virus （BSOLV） and banana streak GF virus （BSGFV），and the RNase H gene of banana streak IM virus （BSIMV）. The viruses captured by the BSV polyclonal antisera served as templates. The results indicated that the optimal multiplex immunocapture PCR used to detect BSOLV，BSGFV，and BSIMV was achieved with final concentration ratios of 0.5 μmol/L∶0.5 μmol/L∶0.5 μmol/L for the upstream and downstream primers of BSOLV，BSGFV，and BSIMV，respectively，with an annealing temperature of 63 °C. BSOLV，BSGFV，and BSIMV could be detected from a crude banana extract of 1 mg/mL by the multiplex immunocapture PCR method. There was no cross-reaction with the cucumber mosaic virus （CMV），which causes symptoms similar to those caused by BSV. Fifteen field samples were analyzed using the multiplex immunocapture PCR method. The results showed that the banana samples co-infected with BSV were distinguishable，and the amplification products of BSOLV，BSGFV，and BSIMV were confirmed through sequencing. The nucleotide sequence identities of BSOLV，BSGFV，and BSIMV exceeded 94% when compared with the corresponding nucleotide sequences of these BSVs available in GenBank. The study demonstrates that the multiplex immunocapture PCR method exhibits high sensitivity and specificity，enabling the detection of the three BSVs in banana seedlings and field samples.