Rice residues are rich in silicon， which is one of the main agricultural wastes， and its return to the field is considered to be a cost-effective silica supplementation measure. A pot experiment of rice for two seasons was conducted to promote the recycling of organic materials and improve the availability of silicon in paddy soil. 7 treatments including the control （CK）， 0.5% straw （JG1）， 1% straw （JG2）， 1.5% straw （JG3）， 0.5% rice bran （DK1）， 1% rice bran （DK2）， and 1.5% rice bran （DK3） were set up to study the effects of different dosages of two organic materials including rice straw and rice bran on the silicon morphology in soil， the absorption of silicon by rice， the aboveground accumulation of dry matter， and the fertility in soil. The results showed that 2 types of silicon abundant organic materials significantly increased the content of water-soluble silicon， available silicon， organic bound silicon， and amorphous silicon in soil， which was generally proportional to the dosage used， with a higher increase observed in the treatment with rice bran. Compared with CK， DK2 and DK2 significantly increased the content of water-soluble silicon in soil by 18.85%-46.58%， the content of available silicon by 11.51%-118.82%， the content of organic bound silicon by 21.88%-51.95%， the content of iron manganese oxide bound silicon by 3.38%-19.17%， and the content of amorphous silicon by 6.41%-22.14%， respectively. The two types of organic materials significantly increased the content of silicon and the accumulation of silicon in rice stems and leaves， and the application of rice bran had a more significant effect. Compared with CK， application of rice straw and rice bran increased the accumulation of silicon in stems and leaves by 0.60-2.51 times and 1.33-4.08 times， respectively. The two types of organic materials increased the accumulation of dry matter in the aboveground part of rice and the content of organic matter and available nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium nutrients in soil to some degrees. It is indicated that both rice straw and rice bran can increase the fertility in soil， improve the silicon availability in soil， and promote the absorption of silicon by rice， among which the improvement of rice bran is greater， but rice straw is more suitable for application in practice.