FeOB were enriched with modified wolf’s mineral medium （MWMM） to screen microaerobic Fe²⁺ oxidizing bacteria （FeOB） with better oxidative abilities to Fe²⁺，evaluate its effects on improving soil and the microbial communities and functions of soil in gleyed paddy field，and lay a foundation for establishing technologies of improving microorganism in gleyed paddy fields.The FeOB strain was taxonomically identified with combined technologies including 16S rRNA sequencing.The 100 mL fermentation liquid of the strain with different concentration of 10⁶ （T1），10⁷ （T2），10⁸ （T3） CFU/mL was used to treat the soil in gleyed paddy field and evaluate the effects of the strain on the reducing substances，nutrients，abundances of functional genes for nitrogen cycling （NCFG） and rice seedlings of soil in gleyed paddy field.16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to evaluate the effect of this strain on the soil microecology.The results showed that the FeOB strain screened with strong oxidative effect on Fe²⁺ was identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus WH07.Compared to CK，the soil redox potential （Eh） was significantly increased （P<0.05） and shifted from negative potential to positive potential.The total amount of reducing substance in soil treated with T1，T2，and T3 decreased by 26.47%，41.53%，and 53.19%，respectively.The content of ferrous decreased by 0.37%，21.50%，and 50.09%，while the content of manganese decreased by 7.84%，21.57%，and 37.25%.The content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil significantly increased by 15.50%，27.38%，and 48.90% （P<0.05），while the available phosphorus significantly increased by 12.52%，17.34%，and 27.38% （P<0.05）.The available potassium significantly increased by 11.56%，17.20%，and 19.34% （P<0.05），and the organic matter significantly increased by 8.66%，22.22%，and 45.05% （P<0.05）.The pH significantly increased by 3.40%，8.94%，and 16.99% （P<0.05）.The abundance of AOA-amoA gene in soil increased by 11.94%，14.68%，and 33.83%，respectively.The abundance of nosZ gene increased by 42.97%，75.78%，and 118.75%，while the abundance of nifH gene increased by 38.29%，51.05%，and 216.13%.The abundance of UreC gene increased by 16.74%，54.51%，and 60.94%.The plant height of rice increased by 5.44%，10.98%，36.00%，the leaf age of rice increased by 10.21%，23.42%，36.94%，the fresh weight of rice increased by 12.61%，22.52%，28.38%，and the white root number of rice increased by 10.14%，32.92%，and 46.81%.The Chao1 and Shannon index of microbial diversity in soil was significantly decreased compared to CK （P<0.05）.Among the top 10 bacteria in soil with relative abundance at the Phylum level，8 phyla including Proteobacteria were significantly downregulated （P<0.05），while 2 phyla including Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were significantly upregulated.Among the top 10 bacteria in soil with relative abundance at the Phylum level，8 phyla including Proteobacteria were significantly downregulated （P<0.05），while 2 phyla including Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were significantly upregulated.Among the top 50 bacteria in soil with relative abundance at the genus level，20，19，and 22 genera including 6 FeOBs such as Macellibacteroides et al were significantly upregulated （P<0.05） in the three treatments，while 25 genera including 4 Fe reducing bacteria such as MBNT15 et al were significantly down-regulated in all three treatments （P<0.05）.The results of analyzing regulatory network showed that the strain WH07 had the potential to synergistically improve the physicochemical properties and biological activity of soil with FeOB，ultimately promoting the growth of rice seedlings.It is indicated that the application of strain WH07 significantly improves the physicochemical properties of soil in the gleyed paddy field and change the structure and function of microbial community in soil.