Grassland animal husbandry is not only an important part of modern animal husbandry， but also a traditional basic industry and characteristic advantage industry in Xinjiang.In order to promote the transformation and upgrading of grassland animal husbandry in Xinjiang， this paper set out from the precise objectives of ‘high-quality products， grassland restoration， herdsmen’s income increase and cultural inheritance’.Based on the current situation of grassland animal husbandry development in Xinjiang， this paper analyzed the practical challenges impeding the transformation and upgrading of the industry and proposed a pathway towards achieving the transformation and upgrading of grassland animal husbandry in Xinjiang.The study found that the realistic dilemma faced by Xinjiang grassland animal husbandry in the process of transformation and upgrading include： the change of breeding mode and the lack of technology application affecting the quality of animal products， overgrazing of natural grasslands affecting ecological restoration， insufficient development of industry chain affecting the increase of herdsmen’s income， and the change of herdsmen’s mode of production and life affecting the inheritance of grassland culture.The study concluded that the essence of the high-quality development of grassland animal husbandry is the dynamic balance of ‘grass-animal-human-culture’.In the transformation and upgrading of grassland animal husbandry in Xinjiang， we should pay attention to the matching between scientific and technological research and development application and breeding mode， improve incentive policies and grazing management measures， accelerate the construction and value increase of the whole industry chain， and strengthen the cultural characteristics of grassland animal husbandry in Xinjiang.