With the rapid development of intensive breeding industry，about 3.8 billion tons of livestock and poultry manure will be produced in China every year，causing the accumulation of livestock and poultry manure and environmental pollution.It is one of the main sources of non-point pollution in China.At the same time，there is a serious shortage of feed protein raw materials in China，and more than 80% of them depend on imports.The annual import value exceeds more than 200 billion yuan，making China the largest importer of protein raw materials in the world.Insects can efficiently transform livestock and poultry manure，reduce greenhouse gas emissions，and produce excellent insect protein，fat and insect sand，so as to realize nutrient circulation and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure.The biotransformation of livestock and poultry manure insect，represented by black soldier fly，has low energy consumption，low emission and good social，ecological and economic benefits.It will be one of the most potential strategies to solve the dilemma of livestock and poultry manure pollution.In recent years，the transformation industry of livestock and poultry manure by black soldier fly has developed rapidly.In this paper，the environmental and resource problems brought about by livestock and poultry breeding and the beneficial resource utilization generated by black soldier fly biotransformation are analyzed and elaborated，and the future development direction is prospected，in order to provide reference for the development of low-carbon livestock industry of black soldier fly transforming livestock and poultry manure.