Rice production in super large cities is not only significant for food security，but also important for sustainable development of cities as a special type of constructed wetlands.This article summarizes and studies the evolution and status quo of the paddy farming system in Shanghai，and puts forward the development direction of the farming system.Over the past 70 years，the farming system transformed from a triple-cropping system to a double-cropping system in the 1980s，and to a single-cropping system gradually in the 2010s.Recently，the farming systems concerning soil-improving measures were established.Rice production and animal husbandry were combined in some districts of Shanghai based on the application of manure or biogas slurry.Moreover，much more ratio of rice was sold through the branding strategies.Nevertheless，rice production in Shanghai is also facing many challenges including the demand for keeping stable grain yield，the limitations imposed by resource and environment capacity，and inadequate profitability of rice selling which leads to high dependence on financial subsidies.Measures and advices including ensuring that both the area of cultivated land and proportion of paddy land does not decrease，stabilizing the yield potential per unit area，integrating and innovating green farming techniques to improve the ecological function of paddy wetlands，and upgrading the branding strategies for converting the ecological value of green rice planting to the economic benefits are proposed in the view of the challenges mentioned above.