The DNDC model is a relatively mature dynamic simulation model that simulates biogeochemical processes with time factors，and can be used to simulate and evaluate the production of crop （such as rice），the dynamic evolution of carbon and nitrogen，and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy ecosystem. In order to understand the DNDC model more fully and make it used more widely，this article analyzed and summarized the progress of DNDC model in paddy soil carbon sequestration potential，greenhouse gas CO₂ and CH₄ emission simulation，paddy management model evaluation and model parameter sensitivity analyses from the perspective of paddy soil carbon dynamics based on the composition and function of the DNDC model，the comparison of the six world-famous biogeochemical models，and the module optimization of the DNDC model in the paddy ecosystem. It also pointed out that the DNDC model affected by factors including large spatial heterogeneity of soil properties and differences in regional field management measures has problems including difficulty in extending point-scale verification to location-scale simulation and difficulty in model correction，which limit the accuracy of the model. In order to enable the DNDC model to carry out simulation under the complex characteristics of the agricultural development in China in the future，we should pay attention to optimize the function of the DNDC model module and improve the accuracy of input parameters to further improve the accuracy of model simulation and the reliability of the prediction and evaluation system，to provide methodological reference for studying the carbon dynamics of paddy ecosystem and making the model play a better role in the carbon sequestration，emission reduction of paddy field and the formulation of management scheme.