Paddy agroprinology is a branch of farming science， which is a comprehensive applied agricultural science that studies the establishment of a reasonable theoretical and technical system of paddy farming system. Paddy agroprinology has theoretical， practical， comprehensive and regional characteristics.The theoretical system of paddy agroprinology includes the theory of ecological adaptability， the theory of light energy utilization， the theory of life factor， the theory of competition and complementarity， and the theory of allelopathy and biodiversity. The establishment of a reasonable paddy farming systems should follow the principle of combination of use and cultivation， the principle of simultaneous development of economic benefits， social benefits and ecological benefits， the principle of coverage in winter， spring， summer and autumn， the principle of equal emphasis on land saving， water saving， fertilizer saving， pesticide saving and energy saving， and the principles of matching good farmland， good farming systems， good varieties， good methods of cultivation， good input of agricultural material and good environment. Since the founding of New China more than 70 years ago， especially since the new century， paddy agroprinology has made positive progress in the composition and distribution of crop， the patterns of paddy farming， the methods of land maintenance， the development of regional paddy farming systems， and the studies on paddy farming system abroad. The content of studies is deepening， the scope of studies is expanding， the achievements of studies are increasing， and the benefits of studies are emerging.At present， the development of paddy agroprinology still has some outstanding problems including insufficient attention， insufficient investment， incomplete theory， lack of new technology， less studies in depth and little impact compared with the general background and requirements of “high-quality developmen”. It is urgent to take the countermeasures and measures including raising awareness， increasing investment， accelerating construction， deepening studies， strengthening exchanges and services.