Four consecutive years of fixed field experiment were conducted to compare the differences in annual productivity，economic benefits，resources of temperature and light，utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus，and content changes of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil among six patterns of double-cropping including oilseed rape-maize （O-M），oilseed rape-rice （O-R），oilseed rape-water-saving and drought-resistant rice （O-WDR），wheat-maize （W-M），wheat-rice （W-R），and fallow-double season rice （F-DR） to optimize the farming system，promote the annual production potential of crops，and improve efficiency of crop production and resource utilization in paddy field of Eastern Hubei.The results showed that the annual economic yield of W-R pattern was the highest，followed by O-R pattern.The average annual production benefit of O-R pattern was the highest.The highest uptake rate of N was found in O-R and W-R patterns.The uptake rate of P was found in O-M pattern.The highest utilization efficiencies of light and temperature resources were found in F-DR pattern.After 4-round of double-cropping，the nitrogen surplus was the highest and the nitrogen loss was the lowest in the soil of O-R pattern.The P surplus was the highest and P loss was the lowest in the soil of O-M pattern.The oilseed rape- rice plantation pattern had higher and stable productivity，good production benefit，and better maintenance of soil N fertility and lower N loss risk from farmland.The oilseed rape- rice plantation pattern has the application prospect of replacing the conventional F-DR pattern in Eastern Hubei.