Bergamot essential oil （BEO） is known for having many health benefits. Healthy male kunming mice were selected to establish the model mice with Alzheimer’s disease by intraperitoneal injection of D-gal （120 mg/kg） and AlCl₃ （10 mg/kg） for 49 days to study the neuroprotective effect of sniffing different concentrations of bergamot essential oil on the model mice with Alzheimer’s disease induced by the combination of D-gal and AlCl₃. From the 29th day，the mice in the sniffing group sniffed 25% or 75% bergamot essential oil for 21 days，1 h everyday. After the sniffing experiment，the changes in the behavior and brain biochemistry of the mice were evaluated. The results of behavioral studies showed that sniffing bergamot essential oil significantly improved symptoms including cognitive impairment and exploratory decline in the model mice with Alzheimer’s disease. The results of biochemical studies showed that sniffing 75% bergamot essential oil significantly inhibited the degree of oxidative stress and the increase of acetylcholinesterase （AchE） activity，and promoted the improvement of cognitive function in mice. It is indicated that sniffing 75% bergamot essential oil attenuates D-gal and AlCl₃-induced cognitive-behavioral impairment and biochemical damage.