The meat and bone meal obtained from the harmless high-temperature fermentation of sick and dead livestock and poultry was used to develop and utilize the resources of sick and dead animal carcasses. After the oil was removed by the extractant， the amino acid-containing hydrolyzed liquid was obtained by sulfuric acid hydrolysis without or with the assistance of microwave， and the conditions for hydrolysis were optimized. The material balance of macro， medium and micro plant nutrients and heavy metal elements in the materials before and after hydrolysis and their distribution in the hydrolysis products under optimal conditions were analyzed. The results showed that the opitmal extractant was n-hexane， with the oil extraction rate of 100% and the recovery of extraction agent of 97.06% at the ratio of solid to liquid 1∶10. The optimal sulfuric acid hydrolysis conditions for degreased meat and bone meal without microwave assistance （conventional） were as follows： sulfuric acid concentration of 5 mol/L， solid-liquid ratio of 1∶4， temperature of 90 ℃， hydrolysis time of 7 h under which the conversion rates of total nitrogen and amino acid-nitrogen in hydrolysate were 93.42% and 42.63%， respectively. The optimal sulfuric acid hydrolysis conditions for degreased meat and bone meal with microwave assistance were as follows： microwave power 550 W， sulfuric acid concentration of 5.0 mol/L， hydrolysis time of 60 min. Under these conditions， the conversion rates of total nitrogen and amino acid-nitrogen in hydrolysate were 90.12% and 82.13%， respectively. Under the optimal conditions of the two processes， there was little difference in the distribution of each element in the liquid phase of hydrolysate and the solid phase of residue. Among them， 66%-93% of elements of N， P， K， Fe， Cu and Zn in the feedstock were distributed in the hydrolysate， more than 32% of the elements of Ca， Mg and Mn were distributed in the residue， and more than 58% of the heavy metal elements， Pb， Cr and Cd， entered into the hydrolysate， but did not exceed the limit of agricultural industry standard of related products. It is indicated that microwave assisted hydrolysis significantly increased the conversion rate of amino acids and decreased the hydrolysis time. Most of the medium and micro nutrient elements entered the liquid phase， which had obvious advantages in the preparation of amino acid hydrolysate. It will provide basis for the subsequent preparation of amino acid liquid fertilizer.