The ravages of African swine fever （ASF） have drawn attention to the harmless disposal of infected animal carcasses.The harmless treatment of infected animal carcasses has current problems including single and backward technology， serious secondary pollution， low degree of resource utilization， and shortage of subsidies.Among the common methods of harmless treatment， rendering， aerobic fermentation and alkaline hydrolysis are the main methods that are widely used and perform well.Among them， aerobic fermentation is the easiest to master， and has the best overall effect of harmlessness and resource utilization.The auxiliary thermal aerobic fermentation significantly improved the treatment efficiency， and the development of supporting equipment improved the possibility of engineering application.Based on a brief introduction of the harmless treatment of infected animal carcasses and the application status of it at home and abroad， combined with national conditions in China， this article analyzed and discussed the technical level， social publicity， and national policies of harmless disposal and resource utilization of infected animal carcasses.It is considered that aerobic fermentation is the most promising way to solve the problem of infected animal carcasses in China.The future direction of this field was prospected.