Water-saving and drought-resistant rice(WDR) is a novel type of rice variety that integrates high-yield,high-quality,water-saving and drought-resistance.The development of WDR can not only reduce the dependence of rice production on water resources,expand the scope and area of rice cultivation,and help ensure food security,but also changes the traditional rice planting methods and significantly reduces the labor intensity of rice production and the negative impact on the environment.Therefore,the development of WDR is conducive to the promotion of “two-oriented” agriculture,i.e.,resource-conserving and environment-friendly agriculture.This article discusses the development status,advantages and main problems to be resolved of WDR in China.The main factors that may restrict the development of WDR were analyzed.The research directions of WDR needed to be strengthened in the future were proposed.It will provide a guideline for the future study and development of WDR in China.