In this study,the transcriptome of winged and wingless Lipaphis erysimi was obtained with Illumina sequencing platform. A total of 107 992 806 cleaning reads were obtained from the mixed samples,and were assembled into 69 588 unigenes with the average length of 716 bp. A total of 44 620 184 and 47 113 716 Cleaning Reads were obtained from the winged and wingless aphid samples,respectively. Analysis of gene expression between the winged and wingless samples showed 104 significantly differentially expressed genes,of which 74 genes were upregulated and 30 genes were downregulated. Subsequently,GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that among those differentially expressed genes,Hippo signaling pathway,Thyroid hormone signaling pathway and Oxytocin signaling pathway were strongly related to the wing dimorphism and its related reproduction.