A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed for rapid and accurate detection of Pratylenchus brachyurus , one of the important plant pathogenic nematodes. Based on the mtDNA COI sequence, LAMP primers for specific detection of P. brachyurus were designed. The optimal conditions of the LAMP assay was the reaction time was 60 min at 64℃ . The LAMP products of P. brachyurus were confirmed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme digestion analysis with Bam HⅠ and visual inspection by adding SYBR Green I to the products. P. brachyurus from nine Pratylenchus species and other ten plant-parasitic nematode species were successfully detected by the LAMP assay. The LAMP assay was also sensitive, which can detect DNA from 0.005 individual P. brachyurus , 10 times more sensitive than conventional PCR. The LAMP system constructed in this study can be used to detect P. brachyurus rapidly. 