Through ethanol extraction and liquid-liquid extraction combined with column chromatography,the different components in Henan propolis and the poplar resin were isolated.The separation effect and the separation components was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The in vitro hypoglycemic activity of each isolated fraction was evaluated by the α-glucosidase inhibitor screening model,at the same time,oral glucose tolerance test (OSTT) was carried out in hyperglycemia mouse model induced by streptozotocin(STZ) to further verify the inhibitory effect of the isolated fraction α-glucosidase efficacy in the intestines.The results showed that the 50% ethanol elution fraction of propolis and its homologous poplar resin extract had the best inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase in vitro,their IC50 are 39.03±2.76 μg/mL and 28.28±3.79 μg/mL.On the other hand,this component could effectively inhibit the intestinal α-glucosidase activity in diabetic mice (P<0.05),conduciving to the recovery of blood glucose and maintain the blood sugar stability.Liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the 50% ethanol component of propolis and its homologous poplar resin both included quercetin,apigenin,kaempferol,chrysin,isorhamnetin and galangin and other flavonoids compound.