To study the genetic diversity of pollens of sand pear germplasm,pollens quantity and pollens germination of 455 sand pear germplasm were investigated in vitro .The results showed that there were significant variations on the quantity of the total pollens and germination rate among the sand pear germplasm,ranging from 0 to 41 875 grains per anther and from 0 to 96.11%,respectively．The average coefficient variation and genetic diversity index was 66.37 and 1.95 of pollen characteristics.The average variation coefficient of different sand pear germplasm was in the order of China improved lines (67.12)>landraces (64.58)>foreign breeding cultivars (61.08).The average genetic diversity index was in the order of landraces (1.95)>China improved lines (1.89)>foreign breeding cultivars (1.81).The average coefficient variation of landraces in different provinces (regions) ranged from 53.51 to 95.90,with the highest in Guangxi and the lowest in Fujian.The genetic diversity index was between 1.55 and 1.88, with the highest in Hubei and the lowest in Jiangxi.