The response of different kenaf varieties to different methods and levels of fertilization were investigated to provide the rational fertilization for high yield and high efficient cultivation of kenaf.The effects of methods and levels of fertilization on the growth and yield of different kenaf varieties were studied with a pot experiment.The experiments included two kenaf varieties,i.e.Fuhong 992 and Hongyou 2,three fertilization levels,i.e.low fertilization (FL：N 0.10 g/kg,P2O5 0.05 g/kg and K2O 0.10 g/kg),middle fertilization (FM：N 0.15 g/kg,P2O5 0.075 g/kg,K2O 0.15 g/kg) and high fertilization (FH：N 0.20 g/kg,P2O50.10 g/kg,K2O 0.20 g/kg),and three fertilization methods,i.e.T1 (all N and K fertilizers as basal fertilizer),T2 (60% N and K fertilizers as basal fertilizer,40% N and K fertilizers as topdressing) and T3 (all N and K fertilizers as topdressing).Compared to FL,FM increased dry hide yield of kenaf by 16.31%-32.33% for Hongyou 2 and 6.51%-17.72% for Fuhong 992.FM significantly increased stem diameter,shoot dry mass,root dry mass and ratio of phloem to xylem and pith.Compared to T3,T1 and T2 increased dry hide yield by 21.30%-34.16% and 12.65%-29.36% for Hongyou 2 and 19.09%-40.92% and 7.45%-32.50% for Fuhong 992.T1 and T2 increased plant height,stem diameter and shoot dry mass.T2 increased skin thickness and root length,but T1 decreased root/shoot ratio and the ratio of phloem to xylem and pith.There was no significant difference of all indices between T1 and T3.For Fuhong 992 and Hongyou 2,both T1 (all N and K fertilizers as basal fertilizer) and T2 (60% N and K fertilizers as basal fertilizer,40% N and K fertilizers as topdressing) can increase the growth and dry hide yield of kenaf under middle fertilization level.