A novel unknown MYB gene,designated OsMYB106,was isolated from rice,which was a typical R2R3-MYB transcription factor,and homologous to MYB106 in Arabidopsis.Subcellular localization indicated that OsMYB106 protein was located in nucleus.Real Time PCR showed that OsMYB106 was expressed highly in young panicle,and induced obviously by drought and cold stress.MYB106 RNAi plant showed dwarf and sterility.Further,pollen development related gene OsMS2 and CYP704B2 were down-regulated notably in plants MYB106 RNAi,the results indicated that OsMYB106 regulated OsMS2 and CYP704B2 involving in development of pollen cell wall to control the fertility of pollen.