To develop an efficient transformation system for wheat mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens,comparative analyses of callus induction,regeneration and transformation efficiency were carried out by using different elite wheat cultivars and different culture and induction conditions.The results indicated that two wheat elite cultivars,Yangmai 158 and Huamai13,showed no difference in callus induction,but Yangmai 158 formed more embryogenic calli and had a higher efficiency of regeneration and transformation.Yangmai 158 is a good wheat genotype used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Furthermore,different pre-culture duration times were compared and the results showed that 20 days for the pre-culture gave rise to the highest transformation efficiency.With the method established in this study,transgenic T0and T1 wheat lines were generated and identified by PCR analysis.These results provide useful information for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of elite wheat cultivars.