The occurrence and distribution of this nematode was investigated by random sampling in 16 cities of five regions of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The pathogen was identified with the morphological and metrological examination.The results showed that the cereal cyst nematode distributed in most areas of five the regions of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and the detection ratio of CCN was 59.8% in all samples. The highest cyst number existed in Yinchuan City and the lowest one existed in Shizuishan City. The number of eggs per cyst in Guyuan City,Zhongwei City,Wuzhong City and Qingtongxia City were significantly higher than that of Shizuishan City. The pathogen of wheat was identified as H.avenae by morphological examination.