In order to effectively control jujube dry rot disease，47 fungal isolates of jujube dry rot plaques from different sources were identified and characterized by using sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer （ITS） and elongation factor 1 α （EF-1α） genes and indoor inoculation method，and their distribution characteristics and virulence differences were analyzed. The distribution characteristics and differences in pathogenicity were also studied. The results showed that Botryosphaeria dothidea，Spencermartinsia viticola，Diplodia mutila，D. seriata，and Phaeobotryon rhois were identified as the major pathogens causing jujube dry rot. Among them，the isolation frequency of S. viticola was the highest （65.96%），followed by that of B. dothidea （17.02%）. The dominant pathogens were different in different regions. B. dothidea and D. seriata were the predominant species in Henan and Hebei areas，and S. viticola was the predominant species in Shanxi，Gansu，and Ningxia areas. The pathogenicity of different pathogens to jujube tree was different，and the results indicated that the pathogenicity of B. dothidea was the highest and that of P. rhois was the weakest. The results of this study showed that the pathogens of jujube dry rot were mainly composed of 5 species in the Botryosphaericeae family，and the dominant pathogens were different in different regions. In terms of pathogenicity，the pathogenicity of different strains of the same pathogen varies in different regions，and the pathogenicity of different strains of pathogens in the same region also varies. The results of this study provide reference for the precise prevention and control of jujube dry rot in different areas.