生物炭对作物氮肥利用率影响的整合分析
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国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200803)


Effect of biochar on nitrogen use efficiency of crops:a Meta-analysis
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    摘要:

    为科学施用生物炭、提高氮肥利用率,采用整合分析的方法,收集符合筛选标准的文献33篇,统计了170组包含生物炭配施化肥(BC+NPK)和单施化肥(NPK)处理下作物氮肥利用率的数据,从不同地域、土壤养分、氮肥用量、生物炭特性与施用量、作物种类等方面量化分析生物炭对作物氮肥利用率的影响。结果显示:施用生物炭可以使作物氮肥利用率提高4.76%,其中南方地区生物炭的促进效果最为明显,提高了11.73%。土壤肥力影响生物炭对氮肥利用率的增幅,在土壤pH值、有机质含量、速效氮含量较低的南方地区,施用生物炭对氮肥利用率的提升效果最优,而在有机质含量较高、pH值较高的东北地区,施用生物炭的效果则有所降低;当氮肥施用量≤120 kg/hm2时,生物炭的增效效果最明显,氮肥利用率提高了10.73%。与经济作物相比,粮食作物的氮肥利用率提升效果更为明显,增加了5.71%。生物炭施用量控制在≤1%时,氮肥利用率提高3.43%,木质材料制备的生物炭的提升效果最明显,氮肥利用率提高7.99%;生物炭含氮量>2%时,氮肥利用率提高19.43%;生物炭pH 9~10时氮肥利用率最佳,肥料利用率能够提升5.01%。

    Abstract:

    To provide a theoretical reference for scientifically applying biochar and improving the utilization of nitrogen fertilizers,33 publicly published documents were collected,and 170 sets of nitrogen fertilizer utilization data including biochar combined with chemical fertilizer (NPK+BC) and single chemical fertilizer (NPK) treatment were established,and integrated analysis (Meta-analysis) to study the differences in nitrogen use efficiency in various regions under NPK and NPK+BC treatments. Quantify the impacts of biochar on the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops from various aspects:different areas,soil nutrients,nitrogen fertilizer dosage,biochar characteristics and application rate,crop types. In general,the application of biochar could increase the NUE of crops by about 4.76%. Among these regions,the effect of biochar promotion in the southern region was the most pronounced,increasing by about 11.73%. Soil fertility could affect the effects of biochar on NUE. The application of biochar had the best effect on the improvement of NUE of corps in the southern regions with low pH,organic matter and available nitrogen content,while the effect was relatively low in the northeast regions with high organic matter and pH. When the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was less than 120 kg/hm2,the synergistic effect of biochar was the most evident,and the NUE was increased by 10.73%. The nitrogen utilization rate was higher in grain crops than in commercial crops,and it was increased by 5.71%. The amount of biochar that is applied should be controlled below 1%,and the NUE should be increased by 3.43%. The improvement effect of biochar made from wood materials was the most obvious,and the NUE was increased by 7.99%. When the nitrogen content of biochar exceeded 2%,the NUE could be increased by 19.43%. When the pH of biochar was 9-10,the NUE could be increased by 5.01%.

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夏浩,张梦阳,刘波,李宇轩,丛铭,布麦热姆·热则克,姜存仓.生物炭对作物氮肥利用率影响的整合分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2021,40(3):177-186

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  • 收稿日期:2020-12-02
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-06-07
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