Taking the micro survey data of some farmers in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example,the intermediary effect test method of the Logit model was used to study the mechanism of farmers’ ecological cognition affecting their clean energy utilization behaviors (CEUBs). The results showed that the variables of farmers’ ecological cognition had significantly positive effects on their CEUBs,namely,the stronger the subjective norms,behavior attitudes,and perceived behaviors control of farmers,the more likely they were to implement CEUBs actively. The behavior of farmers played an intermediary role in subjective norms,perceived behavior control and clean energy use behavior,that is,the subjective norms and perceived behavior control of farmers in the Yangtze River Economic Belt affected their clean energy use behavior through behavioral attitude. The ecological cognition of different geomorphic farmers had significant heterogeneity on their CEUBs,that is,the subjective norms,behavior attitudes and perceived behavior control of farmers in different geomorphic areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt had different effects on their CEUBs. The ecological cognition of different industry integration farmers had some heterogeneity on their clean energy use behavior,that is,the subjective norms,behavior attitudes and perceived behavior control of farmers in different industrial integration areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt had some differences on the effect of their CEUBs. To promote the green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,we should not only play an effective role in promoting farmers’ CEUBs by ecological cognition but also actively use subjective norms and perceived behavior control to guide the farmers’ behavior attitude of CEUBs. Differentiated measures and strategies for farmers in different regions and different types of industrial integration should 〖JP2〗be implemented in accordance with local conditions to more effectively guide farmers to use clean energy,and ultimately promote protection of rural ecological environment and high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.