摘要
为探究2C型蛋白磷酸酶(protein phosphatase 2C, PP2C)在木薯响应非生物胁迫过程中的作用,利用木薯Arg7叶片cDNA扩增MePP2CAa基因,分析该基因序列、启动子活性、不同逆境和激素处理下的表达模式以及与ABA受体PYLs之间的互作关系。序列分析结果显示,MePP2CAa基因全长1 311 bp,编码436个氨基酸,具有PP2C家族的结构域特征,与橡胶树和麻风树的PP2C序列同源性最高,分别为78.95%和74.09%,在C端保守;qRT-PCR分析结果显示,MePP2CAa基因在木薯储藏根中的表达显著高于茎、叶中的表达量;不同逆境和激素处理结果显示,甘露醇、NaCl、ABA、MeJA、低温和SA处理可以显著诱导MePP2CAa基因的表达;MePP2CAa基因启动子序列分析显示,启动子包含ABA应答元件(abscisic acid responsive element,ABRE)、MeJA响应元件、干旱诱导元件等;酵母双杂交结果显示MePP2CAa能够与MePYL1互作。以上结果表明,MePP2CAa基因可能响应木薯的非生物胁迫。
脱落酸(abscisic acid, ABA)在植物的生长发育中扮演着重要角色,涉及种子发芽、幼苗发育、植物生长、开花、性别分化和果实成熟等多个过
农业生产受干旱的影响,会导致作物生长受阻,作物产量显著降
木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)是热带和亚热带地区一种重要的粮食作物,是全球第六大粮食作物,为7亿人提供碳水化合
试验品种为木薯Arg7,由中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所提供。采集大田种植环境下木薯叶片(90 d)、茎(90 d)和储藏根(R1 90 d、R2 150 d、R3 210 d、R4 270 d)材料;选取扦插后60 d长势一致的木薯Arg7幼苗进行不同激素和胁迫处理试验,①100 μmol/L MeJA、100 μmol/L SA、100 μmol/L ABA处理后分别在0、2、6、12、24 h采集叶片;② 300 mmol/L NaCl和200 mmol/L 甘露醇处理后分别在0 h、2 h、6 h、3 d和14 d采集叶片;③ 4 ℃处理后分别在0、2、6、12、48 h采集叶片。采样后迅速放入液氮速冻,于-80 ℃超低温冰箱中保存,用于RNA提取和实时荧光定量分析。
根据Phytozome数据库中的木薯序列(Manes.02G128000),设计引物MePP2CAa-F/MePP2CAa-R(
基因名称 Gene name | 引物序列(5′―3′) Primers sequences | 用途 Usage |
---|---|---|
MePP2CAa | F:ATGGCGATGGCTGGGATATGTTGCGAA; R:CGTGCCTTTCCTAAGATCCAC | 基因克隆 Gene cloning |
qMePP2CAa | F:ACCGTCCAGATGAGTTGAAG;R:CCGTCCGTTCCGTTATCG |
实时荧光定量PCR qRT-PCR |
TUB | F:TGCCATGTTCCGTGGAAAGATG;R:CCCCTAGGTGGAATGTCACAGACAC | |
MePP2CAaP | F:GTCTCACATAAGCCTATAAGCA;R:TAAAAAAGAAAATACACTCCTTATTAACTC |
启动子克隆 Promoter cloning |
BD MePP2CAa | F:GGAATTCATGGCTGGGATATGTTGCGAA;R:CGGGATCCCGTGCCTTTCCTAAGATCCAC |
酵母双杂交 Yeast two-hybrid assay |
AD MePP2CAa | F:GGAATTCATGGCTGGGATATGTTGCGAA;R:CGGGATCCCGTGCCTTTCCTAAGATCCAC | |
BD MePYL1 |
F:GGAATTCCATATGATGATAGAAAAGCTTGAGG; R:CGGGATCCGATGCAATTAATGGGCTCAGTC | |
BD MePYL2 |
F:GGAATTCATGATTCTTGATCTTAACCTC; R:CGGGATCCAGATGATGATGATGATGATTG | |
BD MePYL3 |
F:GGAATTCATGGAGAAGCCAGAGTCCTCA; R:CGGGATCCAATTACCTGCGATTTTCCGTCAC | |
BD MePYL4 |
F:GGAATTCCATATGATGCCTTCTAATCCTCACAAG; R:CGGGATCCCGATGATGATGTATTGTTTCTG |
从Phytozome(https://phytozome-next.jgi.doe.gov/)中获取木薯MePP2CAa基因上游1 500 bp启动子序列,设计MePP2CAaP-F/MePP2CAaP-R引物扩增启动子区域(
将pGreenⅡ 0800-LUC-MePP2CAaP载体转入农杆菌GV3101感受态细胞,挑选阳性转化子,将菌体用注射烟草的重悬液调整至OD600为1.0,25 ℃恒温培养箱中暗培养3 h后,将其注射至生长56 d左右的烟草嫩叶下表皮,培养3 d后进行双荧光素酶含量的测定,计算LUC/REN值,每个样品6次生物学重复。
根据MePP2CAa序列设计实时荧光定量PCR引物qMePP2CAa-F和qMePP2CAa-R(
将载体pGBKT7-MePP2CAa转化到酵母中,取200 μL涂板至一缺培养基(SD/‒Trp),29℃培养48~96 h,挑取长势较好的单菌落验证阳性转化子,用液体SD/‒Trp培养基活化阳性转化子菌落,用ddH2O稀释至合适浓度,取2 μL菌落水溶液分别点于SD/‒Trp、SD/‒His和SD/‒His/X-α-gal培养基,29 ℃培养观察菌落生长状况。
构建MePYLs和MePP2CAa基因的酵母表达载体。以pGADT7-T和pGBKT7-53作为阳性对照、pGADT7-T和pGBKT7-Lam作为阴性对照,将阳性对照质粒组合、阴性对照质粒组合以及构建的重组质粒组合(引物见
前期试验结果表明,木薯PP2C基因(Manes.02G128000)可以受到ABA和PEG的诱导表达(

图1 MePP2CAa基因的克隆及不同处理条件下的表达分析
Fig.1 Cloning and expression analysis of MePP2CAa in different treatments
A:ABA处理下MePP2CAa基因的表达分析 Expression level of MePP2CAa under ABA treatment; B:PEG处理下MePP2CAa基因的表达分析 Expression level of MePP2CAa under PEG treatment; C:MePP2CAa基因扩增 MePP2CAa gene amplification. M:DNA marker;1:目标基因 Target gene;2:阴性对照 Negative control;D:MePP2CAa蛋白结构域分析 Conserved domain analysis of MePP2CAa;*表示0.05水平上差异显著,* indicates significant difference at 0.05 level.
利用NCBI数据库序列查找与MePP2CAa蛋白序列相似性较高(>65%)的蛋白序列,序列比对结果显示,MePP2CAa蛋白序列与橡胶树PP2C(XP_021649290.1)和麻风树PP2C(KDP42204.1)一致性最高,分别为78.95%和74.09%(

图2 MePP2CAa蛋白序列的同源性比对
Fig.2 Homologous alignment of MePP2CAa sequences
黑色线段表示PP2C结构域,由307个氨基酸组成。The black line represents the PP2C domain,which consists of 307 amino acids.

图3 基于MePP2CAa氨基酸序列相似性构建的系统发育树
Fig.3 Phylogenetic tree based on MePP2CAa amino acid sequence similarity
通过PCR获得MePP2CAa基因1 500 bp的启动子序列,利用PlantCARE数据库对MePP2CAa基因的启动子序列进行分析,结果如

图4 MePP2CAa的启动子活性分析
Fig.4 The promoter activity analysis of MePP2CAa
**表示在0.01水平上差异显著。** indicates significant difference at 0.01 level.
木薯储藏根、茎、叶3种组织中MePP2CAa基因的表达模式分析结果显示(

图5 MePP2CAa在不同组织中的表达量
Fig.5 MePP2CAa expression in different tissues
R1―R4储藏根发育90、150、210、270 d。*和**分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上差异显著。R1-R4 represent storage roots developed for 90 d, 150 d, 210 d and 270 d, respectively. * and ** indicate significant difference at 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

图6 MePP2CAa基因在不同胁迫和激素处理条件下的表达
Fig.6 MePP2CAa expression under different stress and hormone treatments
A:NaCl处理 NaCl treatment;B:甘露醇处理 Mannitol treatment;C:冷处理 Cold treatment;D:MeJA处理 MeJA treatment;E:ABA处理 ABA treatment;F:SA处理 SA treatment. 不同小写字母表示在0.05水平差异显著 Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level.
MePP2CAa基因自激活检测结果如

图7 MePP2CAa自激活检测
Fig.7 Analyses of MePP2CAa self-activation in yeast
前人研究发现,ABA信号转导途径中PP2CA亚家族成员可以与PYLs家族成员互作。为证明MePP2CAa参与了ABA信号通路的调控,本研究构建了MePYL1-MePYL4基因酵母表达载体,分析了MePP2CAa与MePYL1-MePYL4的互作关系,结果如

图8 酵母双杂交筛选互作蛋白
Fig.8 Yeast two-hybrid assays between the candidate proteins
ABA在植物中发挥着重要的作用,帮助植物适应不同的环境变化和应对胁迫。Umezawa
植物中的A类PP2C基因通常对各种逆境胁迫表现出响应。拟南芥的研究发现,A类PP2C基因在对ABA信号的负调控方面表现出相似的功能,参与拟南芥的氧化胁迫反
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