Under the condition of greenhouse, the pot culture method of vermiculite mixed soil was used to explore the effects of single inoculation and double inoculation of rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of 10 different strains of soybean planted in most regions of China. The results showed that both rhizobium Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis could colonize all tested soybean strains and form symbiotic structure. Inoculation of rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi alone could significantly increase the aboveground fresh weight of soybean, in which inoculation of rhizobium alone could increase the aboveground fresh weight of soybean strains 119, 851 and 921 by 102% - 429%. Inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi alone could also increase the aboveground fresh weight of most strains of soybean by 39% - 255%. Under the condition of double inoculation of rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi, the symbiosis of mycorrhizal fungi showed the phenomenon of symbiotic colonization delay. In the presence of mycorrhizal fungi, the single nodule volume and nitrogenase activity of soybean lines 985, 851 and 115 increased. Therefore, the same inoculation method has different effects on different strains of soybean, and the growth of the same strain soybean is also different after different inoculation methods. The double inoculation method was the best for 985 and 115 lines, the single inoculation of rhizobium for 851, 167, 509, 921 and 168 was the best, and 119, 909 and 045 could be inoculated with rhizobium or mycorrhizal fungi to increase the yield.