Global climate change poses significant challenges to the sustainable development of agriculture worldwide. The domestic and international progress in three aspects including the sustainable development of agriculture， the impact of global climate change on the sustainable development of agriculture， and the human actions in response to global climate change for the sustainable development of agriculture were systematically reviewed based on the main topic of “Sustainable Development of Agriculture in the Context of Global Climate Change” and aimed at global food security and strategies for ecological security. The knowledge， methods， and tools from geography， management， agronomy， and economics were integrated based on the global goals of sustainable development. The contents of five interdisciplinary studies including the development and utilization of agricultural resources， the protection of farmland and food security systems， the transformation of patterns of agricultural and ecological security and models of development， strategies and strategic planning for the sustainable development of agriculture in the context of global climate change were proposed according to the interdisciplinary nature， comprehensive knowledge， and scientific frontiers of the main topic. The interdisciplinary research system of the sustainable development of agriculture in the context of global climate change was prospected from directions of interdisciplinary research including the governance of global climate， the transformation of agro-food system， the resilience of urban and rural climate， the system of smart agroforestry， the utilization of natural resources and the protection of ecosystem under the advanced ideas and concepts of “community of Earth destiny” and “community of human destiny”. It will provide reference for building an interdisciplinary studies and collaborative education model， and exploring the pathway of global governance for the sustainable development of agriculture.