A pot culture method with vermiculite mixed soil as substrate under greenhouse conditions was used to study the effects of single or double inoculation of rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of 10 soybean lines planted in most regions of China to investigate the dual inoculation effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） and soybean rhizobia and their matching with different soybean lines. The results showed that both rhizobium Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis infected 10 lines of soybean plants， forming a symbiotic structure. Single inoculation of rhizobia or mycorrhizal fungi significantly increased the aboveground fresh weight of soybean. Among them， single inoculation of rhizobia increased the aboveground fresh weight of soybean line 119， 851， and 921 by 102% to 429%， and single inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi increased the aboveground fresh weight of most soybean lines by 39% to 255%. The symbiotic colonization of mycorrhizal fungi showed a delayed phenomenon under the dual inoculation conditions of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi. The single nodule volume of soybean line 985， 851， and 115 increased， and the nitrogenase activity was enhanced when mycorrhizal fungi were present. Therefore， the same inoculation method had different effects on different lines of soybeans， and the same line of soybeans had differences in growth after being treated with different inoculation methods. Soybean line 985 and 115 had the best effect with dual inoculation method， soybean line 167， 509， 921， and 187 had the best effect with single inoculation method， while single inoculation of rhizobia or mycorrhizal fungi in soybean line 119， 909， and 045 can be used to increase yield.