Interfacial reaction is the foundation and prerequisite for bacteria to adhere，colonize，form biofilms，and perform ecological functions in the environment. It is of great significance for plants to absorb nutrients and antagonize pathogenic microorganisms. Most studies on the microbe-plant rhizosphere interactions are conducted from the perspectives of ecology and molecular biology，using multi-omics methods to study the effects of root exudates on the quantity of colonization，the composition of community，and the physiological functions of rhizosphere microorganisms. However，the physical and chemical interfacial mechanisms involved in bacterial colonization and their contributions to adhesion have been ignored. This article reviewed the regulatory effects of different types of root exudates on the properties of bacterial surface，the molecular composition of extracellular polymeric substances （EPS），and the function of adhesion in term of the mechanisms of interfacial interactions. The main modes and micro mechanisms of the interaction between bacteria and plant bio-macromolecules during the process of adhesion were summarized. The visualization methods for studying the process of rhizosphere colonization and methods for analyzing the interaction between microorganisms and plant bio-macromolecules were discussed. The directions of studies that urgently need to be strengthened including analyzing the biomolecular composition of rhizosphere，predicting the function of adhesion protein，and the in situ methods for observing the colonization of rhizosphere were proposed.