首页 > 过刊浏览>2023年第42卷第5期 >186-194. DOI:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2023.05.021
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氮盐调控对膜下滴灌加工番茄光合特性及产量的影响
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作者:
作者单位:

石河子大学水利建筑工程学院/现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室/ 农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室，石河子 832000

作者简介:

李宣志，E-mail： 2229052588@qq.com

通讯作者:

张金珠，E-mail： xjshzzjz@sina.cn

中图分类号:

S641.2;S275.6

基金项目:

新疆生产建设兵团科技创新团队项目（2019CB004）；新疆生产建设兵团节水灌溉试验计划项目（BTJSSY-202108）


Effects of regulating nitrogen and salt on photosynthetic haracteristics and yield of processing tomatoes under mulched drip irrigation
Author:
  • LI Xuanzhi

    LI Xuanzhi

    College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering， Shihezi University/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture， Shihezi 832000， China
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  • ZHANG Jinzhu

    ZHANG Jinzhu

    College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering， Shihezi University/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture， Shihezi 832000， China
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  • WANG Zhenhua

    WANG Zhenhua

    College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering， Shihezi University/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture， Shihezi 832000， China
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  • LIU Jian

    LIU Jian

    College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering， Shihezi University/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture， Shihezi 832000， China
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  • LIANG Hongbang

    LIANG Hongbang

    College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering， Shihezi University/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture， Shihezi 832000， China
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Affiliation:

College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering， Shihezi University/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water Saving Agriculture， Shihezi 832000， China

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    摘要:

    为了合理开发利用干旱地区微咸水资源，以加工番茄品种金番3166为试验材料，设置不同灌水矿化度1（S1）、3（S2）、5（S3） g/L和施氮量180（N1）、240（N2）、300（N3） kg/hm2 处理，探究膜下滴灌条件下不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量协同调控对加工番茄光合特性及产量的影响。结果显示，在同一施氮量水平下，随着灌水矿化度的增加，加工番茄叶片的SPAD值、蒸腾速率（transpiration rate，Tr）、净光合速率（net photosynthetic rate，Pn）、气孔导度（stomatal conductance，Gs）和产量均逐渐减小，在成熟期叶片水分利用效率显著增大。在S1和S2水平下，施氮量增加（N3）显著提高叶片SPAD值、Tr、Pn和Gs；在S3水平下，以N2处理的促进效果最好，且产量相较于N1水平分别提高11.46%、8.69%和5.17%。在N3处理下，S1和S2水平下加工番茄的产量无显著差异。综合考虑滴灌加工番茄的光合特性和产量变化，灌水矿化度为3 g/L、施氮量为300 kg/hm2时能促进加工番茄的光合作用并保证产量。

    Abstract:

    The processing tomato variety Jinfan 3166 was used to study the effects of synergistic regulation of brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of processing tomatoes under mulched drip irrigation to rationally develop and utilize brackish water resources in arid areas. Nine treatments of irrigation mineralization levels including 1.0 g/L （S1）， 3.0 g/L （S2）， 5.0 g/L （S3） and nitrogen application rates including 180 kg/hm2 （N1）， 240 kg/hm2 （N2）， and 300 kg/hm2 （N3） were set up. The results showed that the SPAD value， transpiration rate （Tr）， net photosynthetic rate （Pn）， stomatal conductance （Gs） and yield of leaves in processing tomato decreased gradually with the increase of irrigation salinity at the same nitrogen application level， and the leaf water use efficiency （LWUE） increased significantly at the stage of mature. The increase in nitrogen application （N3） significantly increased the SPAD value， Tr， Pn， and Gs of leaf at the levels of S1 and S2. The N2 treatment at the S3 level had the best promotion effect， and the yield increased by 11.46%， 8.69%， and 5.17% compared to the N1 treatment， respectively. There was no significant difference in the yield of processing tomatoes under the N3 treatment at the levels of S1 and S2. It can be concluded that a salinity of 3.0 g/L irrigation and a nitrogen application rate of 300 kg/hm2 can promote the photosynthesis of processing tomatoes and ensure the yield of processing tomatoes taking into account the photosynthetic characteristics and yield changes of processing tomatoes under mulched drip irrigation.

    表 7 不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量对加工番茄产量的影响Table 7 Effect of brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rate on yield of processing tomato
    表 1 试验区土壤理化性质Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of soil profiles in experimental plot
    表 4 不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量对加工番茄花期光合特性的影响Table 4 Effects of brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rate
    表 2 加工番茄生育期灌溉施肥制度Table 2 Irrigation schedule of processing tomato during the whole growth period
    图1 不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量对加工番茄不同生育期SPAD值的影响Fig.1 Effects of brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rateon SPAD values of processing tomato at different growth stages
    表 5 不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量对加工番茄果实膨大期光合特性的影响Table 5 Effects of brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic characteristics of processing tomato at fruit expansion stage
    表 6 不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量对加工番茄成熟期光合特性的影响Table 6 Effects of brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rate
    表 3 不同矿化度微咸水与施氮量对加工番茄不同生育期SPAD值的双因素方差分析Table 3 Two-way analysis of variance between brackish water with different salinity and nitrogen application rate on SPAD values of processing tomato at different growth stages
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李宣志,张金珠,王振华,刘健,梁洪榜.氮盐调控对膜下滴灌加工番茄光合特性及产量的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2023,42(5):186-194

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-16
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