生物炭和海泡石复配对镉和锌复合污染土壤的钝化修复
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作者单位:

华中农业大学资源与环境学院/国家环境保护土壤健康诊断与绿色修复重点实验室,武汉 430070

作者简介:

周振,E-mail:zhou_zhen6177@126.com

通讯作者:

黄丽,E-mail:daisyh@mail.hzau.edu.cn

中图分类号:

X53

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100503)


Deactivation and remediation of cadmium and zinc contaminated soil by combination of biochar and sepiolite
Author:
Affiliation:

National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Soil Health Diagnosis and Green Remediation/ College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China

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    摘要:

    为修复四川某垃圾填埋场周边镉(Cd)和锌(Zn)复合污染土壤,选用生物炭和海泡石2种钝化材料,研究不同复配比例(质量比分别为1∶1、1∶2、2∶1)、施加量(1%、3%)和钝化时间(45、90 d)对污染土壤中Cd和Zn的钝化效果,分析复配钝化剂施加前后对污染土壤中Cd和Zn有效性和形态分布的影响,并通过其稳定性指数(IR值)和移动性指数(MF值)探究土壤Cd和Zn稳定性和移动性的变化。结果显示,土壤中Cd和Zn的钝化效果随钝化培养时间和施加量的增加而显著升高,其中在钝化培养90 d,3%施加量下,生物炭与海泡石复配比例为2∶1时,对土壤中Cd和Zn的钝化效果最好,其钝化率分别为31.1%和23.1%。施加复配钝化剂培养后,土壤中Cd和Zn的弱酸提取态和可还原态占比降低,而可氧化态和残渣态占比上升。与对照相比,复配钝化剂的施加使土壤中Cd和Zn的稳定性增强,移动性减弱;其中在3%施加量下,生物炭与海泡石复配比例为2∶1时土壤中Cd的MF值降低17.5%、IR值升高9.0%,土壤中Zn的MF值降低6.1%、IR值升高18.7%。结果表明,添加3%的生物炭和海泡石混合物(质量比2∶1)对复合污染土壤中Cd和Zn的修复效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    Two kinds of deactivators including biochar and sepiolite were used to study the deactivation effects of different compound ratios (mass ratios of 1∶1,1∶2,2∶1),application amount (1% and 3%) and deactivation time (45 d and 90 d) on the content of Cd and Zn in contaminated soil to restore the cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) co-contaminated soil around a landfill in Sichuan. The effects of compound deactivators on the availability and speciation distribution of Cd and Zn in contaminated soil were analyzed. The changes of stability and mobility of Cd and Zn in soil were investigated with the stability index (IR value) and mobility index (MF value). The results showed that the deactivation effect of Cd and Zn in soil significantly increased with the increase of deactivation time and application amount. The deactivation effect of Cd and Zn in soil was the best when the ratio of biochar to sepiolite was 2∶1,and the deactivation rate was 31.1% and 23.1%,respectively. After the application of compound deactivators,the proportion of weak acid extractable and reducible fractions of Cd and Zn in soil decreased while the proportion of oxidizable and residual fractions increased. The application of compound deactivators enhanced the stability and decreased the mobility of Cd and Zn in soil compared with the control. When the ratio of biochar to sepiolite was 2∶1,the MF value of Cd in soil decreased by 17.5% and the IR value increased by 9.0%. The MF value of Zn in soil decreased by 6.1% and the IR value increased by 18.7% at 3% application amount. In general,biochar and sepiolite mixed at a mass ratio of 2∶1 and a dosage of 3% had the best remediation effect on the content of Cd and Zn in the co-contaminated soil.

    表 2 钝化剂的基本性质Table 2 Basic properties of passivator
    表 3 钝化培养后土壤有效态Cd、Zn的多因素方差分析Table 3 Multivariate ANOVA of available Cd and Zn in soil after passivation culture
    表 1 供试钝化剂基础理化性质Table 1 Basic physical and chemical properties of the test passivator materials
    图1 秸秆生物炭(A,B)和海泡石(C,D)的扫描电镜照片Fig.1 Scanning electron microscopy images of straw biochar (A,B) and sepiolite (C,D )
    图2 生物炭、海泡石及复配钝化剂的XRD图谱(A)和傅立叶红外光谱图(B)Fig.2 XRD(A) and FTIR spectra(B) of biochar,sepiolite and composite passivator
    图3 钝化培养45 d和90 d后土壤pH(A)和电导率(B)Fig.3 Soil pH(A) and electrical conductivity(B) after 45 d and 90 d of passivation culture
    图4 钝化培养45 d和90 d后土壤中Cd(A) 和Zn(B)的DTPA浸提态含量Fig.4 DTPA extractable contents of Cd(A) and Zn(B) in soil after 45 d and 90 d of passivation culture
    图5 钝化培养90 d后土壤中Cd(A)和Zn(B)各赋存形态占比Fig.5 Fractions of Cd (A) and Zn (B) in soils after 90 d of passivation culture
    图6 钝化培养后土壤中Cd(A)和Zn(B)的稳定性(IR)和移动性(MF)指数Fig.6 The stability (IR) and mobility (MF) indexes of Cd(A) and Zn(B) in cultivated soils
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引用本文

周振,黄丽,黄国棣,马海关,彭岗.生物炭和海泡石复配对镉和锌复合污染土壤的钝化修复[J].华中农业大学学报,2023,42(2):158-166

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-12
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-03-31
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