长江干流轮虫群落结构的空间分布及其影响因素
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作者单位:

1.华中农业大学水产学院/农业农村部淡水生物繁育重点实验室,武汉 430070;2.长江经济带大宗水生生物产业绿色发展教育部工程研究中心,武汉 430070

作者简介:

钟可儿,E-mail:xxxzz@foxmail.com

通讯作者:

周琼,E-mail:hainan@mail.hzau.edu.cn

中图分类号:

X826

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2019YFD0900601);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662020SCPY007)


Spatial distribution of rotifer community structure and its affecting factors in mainstream of the Yangtze River
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Affiliation:

1.College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China;2.Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430070,China

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    摘要:

    为阐明长江干流轮虫群落结构与分布特征及其环境影响因素,本研究基于水体物理化学参数将长江干流自源头至下游共27个江段的生境空间划分为4个区域:高山区、峡谷区、平原区、河口区,探究各区域轮虫群落结构特征与分布规律,并基于生物学方法评价了长江干流各区域水质现状。结果显示:研究期间在长江干流共鉴定出轮虫37属85种,其中包括指示种63种,以寡污型种类为主。4个研究区域共有优势种12种,其中曲腿龟甲轮虫(Keratella ualga螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)在多个水域均占优势。长江干流轮虫平均密度为19.66 ind./L,平均生物量为0.11 mg/L。轮虫密度与生物量分布规律均表现为峡谷区>平原区>高山区>河口区。干流平均Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值为2.62,Pielou均匀度指数值为0.78。其中,各区域之间Shannon-Wiener指数表现出显著性差异(P<0.05),而各区域Pielou指数分布相对均匀。非度量多维尺度分析结果显示,峡谷区与平原区轮虫群落相似性较其他区域高。冗余分析结果显示,温度、藻密度、溶氧、总磷等是影响长江干流轮虫空间分布的重要因素。以上研究表明,长江干流不同区域间轮虫群落结构呈现较高的空间异质性,自然环境的变化和人类活动干扰共同影响了轮虫的空间分布。

    Abstract:

    To clarify the characteristics of rotifer community structure and distribution,and environmental affecting factors in the mainstream of Yangtze River,the habitat space of 27 river segments from the source to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River mainstream were divided into four regions based on physical and chemical parameters of water quality.The community structure and distribution of rotifers in the high mountain area,canyon area,plain area and estuary area was investigated,and biological methods were employed to evaluate the water quality status of the mainstream of Yangtze River.The results showed that 85 rotifer species belonging to 37 genera were identified,containing 63 indicator species,mainly oligosmal species.There were 12 dominant species in the four research areas,and Keratella ualega and Keratella cochlearis were dominant in most water areas.The average zooplankton density and biomass were 19.66 ind./L.and 0.11 mg/L,respectively.The distribution patterns of rotifers were as follows: the density and biomass of rotifers were the highest in the canyon area,followed by the plain area,high mountain area and estuary area.The average Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were 2.62 and 0.78,respectively.Specifically,Shannon-Wiener index showed significant differences among different regions (P<0.05),and the Pielou index in each region was relatively uniform.The results of NMDs analysis suggested that the similarity of rotifers community structure between crayon and plain areas was higher than that among other areas.The RDA analysis indicated that WT,density of the phytoplankton,DO,and TP were important factors affecting the spatial distribution of rotifers in the mainstream of Yangtze River.In conclusion,the community structure of rotifers in different areas of the Yangtze River mainstream showed high spatial heterogeneity,which was jointly caused by the change of natural environment and the disturbance of human activities.

    表 6 轮虫群落结构特征与环境参数的相关性分析Table 6 Correlation analysis between community structure characteristics of rotifer and environmental parameters
    表 5 轮虫指示种的空间分布Table 5 Spatial distribution of rotifer indicator species
    表 3 长江干流各区域环境参数Table 3 Environmental parameters at each area in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    表 4 长江干流各区域轮虫优势物种及优势度Table 4 The dominance (Y) and the dominant species of rotifer at each research area in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    图1 长江干流27个采样江段的生境聚类Fig.1 Habitat clustering of the 27 sampling sections in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    图2 长江干流各江段轮虫的密度与生物量Fig.2 The density and biomass of rotifer in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    图3 长江干流各区域轮虫多样性指数及评价水平Fig.3 The diversity indices of rotifer and evaluationlevels at different research areas in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    图4 非度量多维尺度分析排序结果Fig.4 Results of non-metric multidimensional scaling
    图5 长江干流主要轮虫种类与环境因子、采样江段间的RDA排序图Fig.5 The RDA diagram between main rotifer species and environmental parameters and sampling sections in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    图1 旅游城镇化驱动乡村振兴的作用机制框架Fig.1
    图2 旅游城镇化-乡村振兴系统因果关系Fig.2
    图3 旅游城镇化-乡村振兴系统的动力学模型Fig.3
    图4 自然发展模式与不同模式对比Fig.4
    图5 不同发展模式下关键变量变化趋势Fig.5
    表 1 长江干流各江段采样断面信息Table 1 Information of sampling sections in the mainstream of the Yangtze River
    表 2 基于轮虫多样性指数的水质评价标准Table 2 Criteria of water quality assessment based on the diversity indices of rotifer
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钟可儿,陈敏建,田盼盼,马吉顺,周琼.长江干流轮虫群落结构的空间分布及其影响因素[J].华中农业大学学报,2023,42(1):128-138

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-02-22
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