Based on long-term （1989-） location experiment，the effects of different fertilization measures on morphological changes and accumulation characteristics of phosphorus in dry land of red soil profile were studied.Five treatments including nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizer （NPK），nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizer plus peanut straw （NPK+PS），nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizer plus green manure （NPK+FR） and nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizer plus pig manure （NPK+PM），and only nitrogen and potassium fertilizer （CK） were set up in the field experiment.The results showed that long-term application of phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the contents of total phosphorus and available phosphorus in red soil and increased the soil phosphorus activation coefficient （PAC）.The results of the correlation analyses showed that medium active organic phosphorus （MAOP），aluminum phosphate （Al-P） and iron phosphate （Fe-P） in inorganic phosphorus were significantly correlated with available phosphorus （P< 0.05）.In the control treatment，the soil inorganic phosphorus was mainly in closed storage （O-P） （64.54%）.But under different fertilization treatments，exogenous phosphorus was easier to accumulate in aluminum phosphorus （Al-P） and iron phosphorus （Fe-P），especially in NPK+PM treatment （Al-P，CK： 6.27%，NPK+PM： 27.58%； Fe-P，CK： 17.28%，NPK+PM： 37.35%）.The effects of NPK+PS and NPK+FR treatments on phosphorus in soil were mainly concentrated in the plough layer，but NPK+PM treatment still had a great impact on the phosphorus content in the soil layer below 20 cm.There was still a small amount of available phosphorus accumulation in the bottom layer （60-100 cm）.Phosphorus fertilizer and its combined application with organic fertilizer significantly promoted the accumulation and activation of soil phosphorus，especially the decomposed manure with pig manure as raw material.