克氏原螯虾不同生长阶段饲料适宜蛋白水平的研究
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国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”项目(2020YFD0900303); 湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BBA056,2018ABA103); 中央高校自主创新基金项目(2662019FW008,2662018YJ023)


Protein requirement of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) at three different growth stages
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    摘要:

    克氏原螯虾作为典型的杂食性偏肉食性动物,其不同生长阶段对日粮蛋白水平的需求存在明显差异。试验分别以体质量为0.026、1.04 和5.06 g左右的不同生长阶段(仔虾、幼虾和亚成体虾)克氏原螯虾为研究对象,每个生长阶段分别设计5种不同蛋白水平的配合饲料,每个处理设置3个重复,分别进行为期8周的生长饲养试验。结果显示:①在一定范围内,随着饲料蛋白水平提高,不同生长阶段克氏原螯虾的增重率和特定生长率显著上升。②饲料系数随饲料蛋白质水平在一定范围内升高而降低。③仔虾和幼虾阶段,粗蛋白含量随着饲料蛋白水平提高而显著增加,随后差异性不显著;亚成体虾阶段,饲料蛋白水平为250 g/kg的处理组,粗蛋白含量显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05)。④仔虾和幼虾阶段肝胰腺中SOD活性和PO活性均随饲料蛋白水平的升高而升高;在亚成体虾阶段,当饲料蛋白水平超过300 g/kg时,肝胰腺中SOD活性和PO活性反而均显著降低。对特定生长率进行回归模型分析的结果显示,初始体质量为0.026±0.001、1.04±0.03、5.06±0.17 g的克氏原螯虾饲料适宜蛋白水平分别为403.3、358.8和305.6 g/kg。

    Abstract:

    Protein requirements are different at different growth stage. Generally,crayfish in the early stage of life usually have a high protein requirements. An 8-week experiment was performed to investigate the effects of different dietary protein levels on growth performance,body composition and antioxidant capacity of Procambarus clarkii at three different growth stages. The results showed that with the increase of dietary protein level,WGR and SGR of crayfish increased first and then stabilized in three different growth stages. With the increase of dietary protein level,the FCR decreased first and then stabilized. In the first and second growth stage,the crude protein increased first and then stabilized; in the third growth stage,the lowest crude protein content was observed in the group fed with 250 g/kg dietary protein. With the increase of dietary protein level,both the superoxidase dismutase (SOD) activity and the phenoloxidase (PO) activity increased in the first and second growth stage; in the third growth stage,after the dietary protein levels exceeded 300 g/kg,both the SOD activity and the PO activity decreased. Based on these findings and a broken-line model of specific growth rate,the optimal diet protein levels for the crayfish with initial body weight of 0.026±0.001 g,1.04±0.03 g and 5.06±0.17 g,were 403.3 g/kg,358.8 g/kg and 305.6 g/kg,respectively.

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杨伟杰,莫爱杰,杨慧君,袁勇超,顾泽茂,王岳松,桂聪.克氏原螯虾不同生长阶段饲料适宜蛋白水平的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2022,41(1):170-178

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-28
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