The water-saving and drought-resistant rice variety Hanyou 73 was used to conduct field experiments with sowing dates including T1 (May 30),T2 (June 9th,farmers’ customary practices),T3 (June 19th) and periods of supplementary irrigation including W1 (tillering stage+booting stage),W2 (tillering stage+heading flowering stage,farmers’ customary practices),W3 (tillering stage+milk filling stage) to comprehensively study the effects of sowing dates and periods of supplementary irrigation on the growth and development,yield and quality,and resource utilization efficiency of rice under dry cultivation. The results showed that when the sowing date was advanced,the plant height,number of tillers,yield,and water use efficiency of rice all increased significantly,and its yield reached 11.03 t/hm2 with an increase of 16.72% compared with that of T2. Meanwhile,the chalkiness was significantly reduced,and the economic benefit was increased by 15.81%. When the sowing date was delayed,the yield and total water use efficiency were significantly reduced,and the rice quality did not change significantly. Compared with W2,W1 significantly increased rice yield and water use efficiency,but rice quality did not change significantly. W3 was more significant in the increase of yield,water use efficiency and economic benefits,reaching 11.67 t/hm2,3.33 kg/m3 and 15 028 yuan/hm2,respectively. At the same time,rice quality was significantly improved. Therefore,the sowing date for the rice (drought)-wheat annual rotation system in Hubei Province should be appropriately advanced,and it is recommended to sow before mid-June. In the case of limited irrigation water,priority should be given to irrigation of the W3 period (tillering stage+milk filling stage).