Quantity and intensity of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants from freshwater aquaculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 1991 to 2019 were calculated in this paper. The correlation between the pollutants and the economic growth was also analyzed with Kuzents models. The results showed that:(1) The protein output,total nitrogen (TN),and total phosphorus (TP) from freshwater aquaculture increased steadily,especially in Hubei,Jiangsu,Jiangxi,and Hunan Province. The pollutant output per unit area was the highest in Zhejiang Province. (2) The emission intensity of TN and TP per unit protein output showed a slow increasing trend,which indicated that the freshwater aquaculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone tended to the aquatic products with more serious environmental impact. (3) The TN and TP emissions of carnivorous aquatic products were the highest and increased continuously,the TN and TP emissions of omnivorous aquatic products were the second,increasing first and then decreasing,the total pollution load of filter-feeding aquatic products showed a decreasing trend,and the TN and TP emission of herbivore aquatic products was the lowest. (4) The results of Kuznets model showed that the protein output had a positive effect on the TN emission per unit area with the increase of freshwater aquaculture intensity,on the other hand,the TP emission per unit protein was inversely u-shaped,and Moran’s I index indicated that the spatial autocorrelation of TP emission intensity was higher and the mutual influence was more obvious. The regression results show that with the increase of fishery economy,the change of freshwater aquaculture structure and other factors have a greater impact on nitrogen pollution. More studies should be considered in nitrogen pollution abatement in aquaculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.