咸淡水集约化草鱼池塘饲料投喂量与水质及浮游生物的关系
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现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-46);湖北省农业科技创新中心(2019-620-000-001-33);校企技术开发项目(3177225)


Relationship between feed quantity,water quality and plankton in intensive grass carp aquaculture pond with salt-fresh water
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    摘要:

    对广州市诚一水产养殖有限公司3个咸淡水草鱼池塘的浮游生物、水质和饲料投喂量进行了为期1 a的调查,并利用SPSS和Canoco 5.0对数据进行相关性、排序和多元回归分析。结果显示:池塘饲料投喂量与水体总氮浓度呈显著正相关关系,r=0.614(P<0.05);与水温、pH、透明度、溶氧、亚硝酸盐、氨氮、总磷和盐度等水质指标无显著相关性。饲料投喂量与浮游植物生物量呈显著正相关,r=0.354(P<0.05);与浮游动物生物量呈极显著正相关关系,r=0.447(P<0.01)。将饲料投喂量和水质指标与浮游生物量进行RDA和多元逐步回归分析,结果显示饲料投喂量和总磷分别是影响浮游动物和浮游植物生物量的关键因子;且多元回归数据模型拟合较好,预测模型对浮游植物和浮游动物生物量解释率分别为65.4%和44.8%,模型分别为Y1=16.07X4+13.60X3+11.10X2+2.22X6-2.20X5-2.06X1-51.57、Y2=2243.92x4+5.54x3+0.90x2+0.006x1-57.48(其中Y1是浮游植物生物量,X1、X2、X3、X4、X5和X6分别是透明度、亚硝态氮、pH、总磷、氨氮和溶氧;Y2是浮游动物生物量,x1、x2、x3、x4分别是饲料投喂量、透明度、pH、盐度)。咸淡水集约化池塘饲料投喂量对池塘总氮浓度和浮游生物量均有显著影响,浮游植物对池塘氨氮的吸收能力间接影响池塘饲料投喂量,且浮游动物生物量可在一定程度上反映饲料投喂是否过量。以上结果提示,在养殖生产中,饲料投喂量需结合池塘水质及浮游生物量的情况进行调节,预测模型Y1和Y2可供参考;笔者认为该类池塘浮游植物生物量在40~70 mg/L为宜,池塘水环境相对较好且稳定。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the relationship between feeding quantity,water quality,and plankton in intensive grass carp farming ponds with salt-freshwater,the water quality,amount of feed,and plankton of three brackish water ponds in Guangzhou Chengyi Aquaculture Co.,Ltd. were sampled and investigated from September 2017 to September 2018. Spearman and Canoco 5.0 were then used to correlate and rank the data. The results showed that the feeding quantity was significantly positively correlated with the total nitrogen concentration of the water,with correlation coefficient of 0.614 (P<0.05),and was not correlated with the other water quality indicators including water temperature,pH,transparency,dissolved oxygen,nitrite,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and salinity. The feed amount and phytoplankton biomass were significantly positively correlated,with the correlation coefficient of 0.354 (P<0.05),and the zooplankton biomass was extremely significantly positively correlated,with the correlation coefficient of 0.447 (P<0.01). The RDA ranking analysis was performed on the feed quantity,water quality index and plankton biomass. The sorting results showed that the feed quantity and total phosphorus were the key factors affecting zooplankton and phytoplankton biomass,respectively. The multiple regression data model fitted well,with the interpretation rate of the prediction model for phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass were 65.4% and 44.8%,respectively,and the models were Y1=16.07X4+13.60X3+11.10X2+2.22X6-2.20X5-2.06X1-51.57;Y2=2243.92x4+5.54x3+0.90x2+0.006x1-57.48 (Y1 is phytoplankton biomass,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5 and X6 are transparency,nitrite nitrogen,pH,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen,and dissolved oxygen,respectively; Y2 is zooplankton biomass,x1,x2,3 and x4 are feed amount,transparency,pH,salinity respectively). In conclusion,in intensive grass carp ponds with brackish water,the feeding quantity has a significant effect on the total nitrogen concentration and phytoplankton in the pond. At the same time,the purification ability of phytoplankton to the pond nitrogen also limits the amount of pond feed. Therefore,the regulation of the feeding quantity in the pond should take the water quality and plankton into consideration. It is suggested that when the phytoplankton biomass of this type of pond is 40-70 mg/L,the pond water environment is relatively good and stable.

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陈红雕,赵丹丹,杨浩,顾泽茂.咸淡水集约化草鱼池塘饲料投喂量与水质及浮游生物的关系[J].华中农业大学学报,2021,40(2):178-187

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-04-16
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