Page 30 - 《华农农业大学学报》2020年第2期

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华 中 农 业 大 学 学 报 第 ３９ 卷

EffectsofriceＧcra y fishecos y stemsonweedcommunit y
com p ositionands p eciesdiversit y inp add y fields

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１ , ２
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GUO Yao , XIAO Qiu q in g CAOCou g ui , JIANG Yan g YUANPen g li ,
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１ １ １
SUNZichuan , LIU Qin gj un , WANGJin p in g
１．Shuan g shuiShuan g lüInstitute / Colle g eo fPlantScienceandTechnolo gy ,
Huazhon gA g riculturalUniversit y Wuhan４３００７０ , China ;
,
２．HubeiCollaborativeInnovationCenter f orGrainIndustr y Jin g zhou４３４０２５ , China
,
Abstract Inordertoex p loretheinfluenceofriceＧcra y fishecos y stemsonweedinp add y fields , the
characteristicsofweedcommunit y chan g esandg rasscontroleffectinp add y fieldswithdifferent y earsof
riceＧcra y fishecos y stemwerestudiedwithecolo g icala pp roachesto p lantcommunities．This p a p erstudied
thedifferencesofweeddiversit ybetweenricemonocultureandriceＧcra y fishcoＧculturein１y ear , ２y ears ,
４y earsand９y ears．Fieldex p erimentswereconductedtoinvesti g atethechan g esofweeds p ecies , weed

q uantit yandweedcovera g einfieldsandrid g esafteracom p lete１Ｇ y earriceＧcra y fishcoＧcultures y stem．
Theresultsshowedthattheindexesofweedbiodiversit y inriceＧcra y fishcoＧcultures y stemshadatrend
ofdecreasin g firstandthenincreasin gwiththeincreaseof y ears．TheSim p sonindexandShannondiverＧ
sit y indexunderCKtreatmenthadthehi g hestweeddominance , whichwassi g nificantl ydifferentfrom
riceＧcra y fishtreatments．TheRC４treatmenthadthelowestweeddominance．Theevennessindexof
Pieloutreatedb yRC９hasthehi g hestevenness , whichisnotsi g nificantl ydifferentfromthatofCKbut
si g nificantl ydifferentfromthatofothertreatments．Thetotalnumberofweedsinthesam p le p lotswith
different y earsofriceＧcra y fishcoＧcultures y stemdecreasedfirstandthenincreasedwiththeincreaseof
thenumberof y ears , whichweresi g nificantl y lowerthanthosetreatedwithCK．Theim p ortancevalues
( Ivalues ) ofdifferentweedshaddifferentre g ularitieswiththeincreaseofriceＧcra y fishcoＧcultivation
y ears．TheIvaluesofLe p tochloachinensis , Echinochhloacraus g alli , Pas p alump as p aloidesandFimＧ
brist y lisdichotomadecreasedfirstandthenincreasedwiththeincreaseof y ears．TheIvaluesofMazus
j a p onicus , Alternantherap hiloxeroides , Ecli p tap rostrataandMonochoriava g inalisinriceＧcra y fishcoＧ
cultivationp add y fieldsweresmallerthanthoseinricemonoculturep add y fieldsanddecreasedy earb y
,
y ear．After１y earriceＧcra y fishcoＧculturefarmin gthenumberofweeds p ecies , weedindividualsand
weedcovera g einthe p add y fieldandtherid g eweresi g nificantl y reduced．TheresultsshowedthatshortＧ
termriceＧcra y fishcoＧculturesi g nificantl y im p rovedtheweedcontroleffect．Lon g ＧtermriceＧcra y fishcoＧ
cultureg raduall yformedanew weedcommunit ystructure , andcorres p ondin g weedcontrolmeasures
needtobetaken．
Ke y words riceＧcra y fishcoＧculture ; inte g ratedfarmin gof p lantin g andbreedin g inp add y fields ; ecＧ
;
p
olo g icala g riculture ; add y field ; weeds ; communit ystructure ; s p eciesdiversit y g reenp reventionand
control

( 责任编辑: 张志钰)