‘Haruka’ tangelo with six-year-old trifoliate orange （Poncirus trifoliata） rootstock and sour pummelo （Citrus grandis） rootstock was used to screen suitable rootstock to optimize the management of cultivating ‘Haruka’ tangelo. The effects of two rootstocks on the growth and development， and the fruit quality were systematically compared through a field experiment. The results showed that the tree vigor of ‘Haruka’ grafted onto sour pomelo rootstock was significantly stronger than that grafted onto trifoliate orange rootstock， with an increase in the scion height，the east-west canopy width，and canopy volume of 15.01%-20.82%， 17.08%-21.58%， and 46.21%-48.88%， respectively， indicating that the graft compatibility is better. There was no significant difference in the number of spring shoots， leaf size， and the formation of flower bud between the two rootstocks， but the length and diameter of spring shoots on the sour pomelo rootstock were significantly increased by about 19.64% and 13.30%， respectively， compared to that on the trifoliate orange rootstock， indicating that the development is more robust. The rate of fruit setting and yield per plant of sour pomelo rootstock were significantly higher than those of sour pomelo rootstock， with an increase of 4.8 kg/plant. The leaves of ‘Haruka’ on sour pomelo rootstock had deficiencies in N， K， Mg， and Cu， with the content of N， P， Mg， and Mn significantly lower than that on trifoliate orange rootstock. In contrast， the leaves of ‘Haruka’on trifoliate orange rootstock had deficiency in Zn and insufficient content of K and Cu. The fruit quality of tangelo on the trifoliate orange rootstock was better， with a content of soluble solid of 12.5% to 12.9% in mature fruit， about 1% higher than that on the sour pomelo rootstock， mainly due to a significant increase in the content of sucrose. The content of chlorophyll （SPAD value） in the leaf and net photosynthetic rate on the trifoliate orange rootstock was significantly higher than that on the sour pomelo rootstock， indicating the photosynthetic efficiency is higher. It is indicated that ‘Haruka’ tangelo on sour pomelo rootstock is suitable for high-yield cultivation， while ‘Haruka’ tangelo on trifoliate orange rootstock has advantages of fruit quality.