Page 30 - 《华中农业大学学报》2025年第5期

24 华 中 农 业 大 学 学 报 第 44 卷

Screening phosphorus efficient rice varieties mainly planted in middle
and lower reaches of Yangtze River and its physiological

and biochemical characteristics

MA Xiaonuo,HOU Xingyu,CAI Hongmei
College of Resources and Environment，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China

Abstract 57 rice varieties mainly planted in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River were
used to study the mechanism of differences in phosphorus utilization efficiency（PUE） among rice varieties.
Hydroponic culture was used to screen phosphorus efficiency.The selected phosphorus-efficient and phos­
phorus-inefficient rice varieties were used to analyze differences in growth，yield formation，absorption and
utilization of phosphorus，the activity of acid phosphatase and expression level of related genes with experi­
ments including hydroponic culture，soil pot，and field plot.The results showed that the phosphorus efficient
and phosphorus inefficient variety was identified through screening as Quanyou 879（39#） and Changliangy­
ou 8（21#）.The architecture of root system and biomass of phosphorus efficient variety were better than
those of phosphorus inefficient variety under both +P and −P treatments，with significantly higher plant
height，total surface area and volume of roots，number of root tips，and dry weight of roots and shoots.The
effective number of spikes，spike length，thousand-grain weight，seed setting rate，and grain yield of phos­
phorus efficient variety were higher than those of phosphorus inefficient variety.The absorption and utiliza­
tion of phosphorus in phosphorus efficient variety was significantly higher than that in phosphorus inefficient
variety.The accumulation of phosphorus in roots and shoots，the absorption of phosphorus，use efficiency
and utilization index of phosphorus in phosphorus efficient variety were all significantly higher than those in
phosphorus inefficient variety.The expression level of OsPHR2，OsmiR399，OsPT6，and OsPAP10 genes
in roots of phosphorus efficient variety under −P condition was higher than that of phosphorus inefficient
variety.The activity of acid phosphatase in both roots and root surface of phosphorus efficient variety under
both +P and −P treatments was significantly higher than that of phosphorus inefficient variety.It is indicat­
ed that the excellent architecture of root，stronger absorption capacity and utilization ability of phosphorus，
the higher ability of releasing organic phosphorus into inorganic phosphorus to improve the phosphorus avail­
ability to plants are important characteristics of phosphorus efficient variety.
Keywords rice； phosphoru utilization efficiency； architecture of root system； phosphorus utilization
efficiency（PUE）； gene expression； activity of acid phosphatase； yield

（责任编辑：张志钰）