土地配置扭曲与城乡收入差距——基于城镇化不平衡发展的视角
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南京大学优秀博士研究生创新能力提升计划B(202002B05)。


The Influence of Land Market Allocation on the Rural-Urban Income Distribution in China——A Perspective of Imbalance Development of Urbanization
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    摘要:

    从土地市场配置扭曲的视角,探究中国城镇化不平衡发展、城乡收入差距持续扩大的原因。理论分析表明,土地市场扭曲的制度保障征地制导致农村剩余劳动力激增,大批失地农民未能获得公平的失地补偿;土地市场扭曲在扩大城市面积的同时,并未使农村失地劳动力有效转移入市,导致城镇化不平衡发展,土地入市后的增值收益在城乡之间分配不均,最终拉开了城乡收入差距。利用2003—2017年省级面板数据,构建土地市场扭曲的指标,实证检验发现土地市场扭曲显著扩大了城乡收入差距,并验证了土地市场扭曲主要通过城镇化不平衡发展这一影响机制拉开城乡收入差距。因此,应摒弃“以地谋发展”方式,推进以人为核心的新型城镇化,保证农民获得市场机制下公平合理的失地补偿,完善入市收益合理分配机制。

    Abstract:

    From the perspective of distorted land market allocation,this paper explores the reasons for the unbalanced development of urbanization and the growing income gap between urban and rural areas in China.The theoretical analysis shows that the distorted system of guaranteed land market leads to the rural labor force surplus,and a large number farmers who lost land fail to get fair compensation for the loss; though the distorted land market expands the urban area,it does not effectively transfer the rural labor force into the market,resulting in the uneven development of urbanization,and the uneven distribution of value-added income between urban and rural areas after the land enters the market,which finally widens the income gap between urban and rural areas.By constructing the indicators of land market distortion,the empirical test shows that the land market distortion significantly expands the income gap between urban and rural areas,and verifies that this expansion is mainly caused by the impact mechanism of unbalanced development of urbanization.It is suggested that we should abandon the mode of “land-dependent development”,promote the new urbanization with people as the core,ensure that farmers get fair and reasonable compensation for land loss under the market mechanism,and improve the reasonable distribution mechanism of market income.

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张建平,葛 扬.土地配置扭曲与城乡收入差距——基于城镇化不平衡发展的视角[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2021(3):172-181

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-05-11
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