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第 5 期 梁飞 等：长期大田滴灌对新疆农田水盐环境影响的研究进展 11

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Progress of effects of long-term field drip irrigation on water and salt

balance of farmland in Xinjiang

2,3
2
2
LIANG Fei 1,2,3 ,LI Yunxia ,GUAN Xinyuan ,LIU Hui ,YIN Feihu 2
1. College of Resources and Environment/Institute of Resources and Ecology，Yili Normal University，
Yining 835000，China；2.Institute of Farmland Water Conservancy and Soil-Fertilizer，Xinjiang Academy
of Agricultural Reclamation Science/Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture，
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Shihezi 832000，China；3.China Agricultural Reclamation
Water Saving Agricultural Industry Technology Alliance，Shihezi 832000，China

Abstract The large-scale application of field drip irrigation in Xinjiang has achieved significant eco⁃
nomic，social and ecological benefits，but its impact on the water and salt balance in soil and the dynamics
of groundwater is different in different regions as well. This article systematically reviewed the history of de⁃
velopment and achievements of field drip irrigation in Xinjiang to accurately understand the effect of long-

term water-saving irrigation on water-salt balance in soil and groundwater level in Xinjiang. The changes of
soil moisture in the topsoil，the depth of underground phreatic water in the farmland in the main irrigation ar⁃
eas in northern and southern Xinjiang，and the redistribution of soil salt in the topsoil since the long-term
field drip irrigation were analyzed. Four countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the perspec⁃
tive of maintaining the sustainable use of water and soil resources in Xinjiang. The groundwater and surface
water are overall used to build a safe groundwater level. Scientific irrigation and drainage shall be combined
to maintain good farmland topsoil. Unified planning and utilization of saline alkali land in the region is used
to realize the sustainable utilization of regional water and soil resources. Water saving and salt reduction is
used as the core to improve the utilization efficiency of regional agricultural resources. It will provide refer⁃
ence and direction for further developing sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources in Xinjiang.
Water saving and salt reduction is a strategic measure for the sustainable development of agriculture in Xinji⁃
ang in the future. However，how to realize the efficient use of water and soil resources in arid saline-alkali
areas and explore and follow the scientific issue of water and salt balance deserves long-term attention.
Keywords field drip irrigation； water and salt balance； irrigation and salt washing； groundwater lev⁃
el； soil and water resources； water saving and salt suppression

（责任编辑：赵琳琳）