致犊牛腹泻常见病毒的检测及风险因素的分析
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华中农业大学

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宁夏回族自治区重点研究发计划项目(2021BEF02028);国家现代农业产业技术体系(肉牛/牦牛)产业技术体系(CARS-37)


Detection of common viruses causing calf diarrhea and analysis of risk factors
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    摘要:

    为了解犊牛腹泻主要病毒的流行现状和优势毒株,是防控疾病的重要基础。本研究自2021年11月至2023年10月间,运用RT-PCR技术对来自湖北、湖南、河南、广西、贵州、甘肃、山东和内蒙古等地41个牧场的264头腹泻犊牛的264份样品(58份肛拭子、15份肠组织和191份粪便)进行了牛轮状病毒(Bovine rotavirus,BRV)、牛冠状病毒(Bovine coronavirus,BCoV)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(Bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)BRV、BCoV和BVDV的检测。结果显示,BRV、BCoV和BVDV的个体阳性检出率分别为14.02%(95% CI:8.44~16.68)、10.23%(95% CI:6.85~14.53)和12.12%(95% CI:10.06~18.80),78.05%(95% CI:62.39~89.44)的牧场为犊牛腹泻病毒阳性场,29.27%(95% CI:16.13~45.54)的牧场存在有混合感染,BRV与BCoV是最为常见的混合感染组合,检出率为3.42%(95% CI:1.32~5.88)。进一步的,对以上3种病毒在不同地区、年龄、季节和品种的分布进行了分析,发现BRV在我国北方地区、冬季和≤5周龄的犊牛中检出率较高,BCoV在我国北方地区和夏冬季节检出率高,而BVDV在各地区、年龄、品种等方面,检出率无显著差异。本研究确定了我国部分地区腹泻犊牛中BRV、BCoV和BVDV的感染现状及可能的风险因素,为犊牛腹泻的精准防控提供了重要的流行病学基础。

    Abstract:

    To Understanding the current epidemiological status and dominant strains of calf diarrhea viruses is important for disease prevention and control. In this study, 264 diarrheic calves samples (including 58 anal swabs, 15 intestinal tissues, and 191 feces) from 41 farms in Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Gansu, Shandong, and Inner Mongolia were collected between November 2021 and October 2023. RT-PCR was used for the detection of bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)BRV, BCoV, and BVDV. Results showed that the individual positive proportion of BRV, BCoV and BVDV were 14.02% (95% CI: 8.44-16.68), 10.23% (95% CI: 6.85-14.53) and 12.12% (95% CI: 10.06-18.80), respectively. The farm positive proportion was 78.05% (95% CI: 62.39-89.44), in which 29.27% (95% CI: 16.13-45.54) had mixed infections. 3.42% (95% CI:1.32-5.88) samples were co-infected with both BRV and BCoV, which was the most commonly combination. Furtherly, the distribution of the above three viruses in different regions, ages, seasons and breeds was analyzed. There was a high risk of BRV infection in the northern China, winter and in calves ≤5 weeks old, and BCoV had a high risk of infection in northern China, and both summer and winter. There was no significantly difference BVDV infection in different regions, ages and breeds. This study determined the current status of BRV, BCoV and BVDV infection and possible risk factors in diarrheic calves in part of China, which provides an important epidemiological basis for the precise prevention and control of diarrhea in calves. Keywords calf diarrhea; BRV; BCoV; BVDV; detection; risk factor analysis

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-15
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-05
  • 录用日期:2024-11-01
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