Abstract: Using the CLDAS data set of land data assimilation system of China Meteorological Administration from 2008 to 2020 and other environmental factors, the potential suitable distribution of tobacco area in Hubei province and dominant environmental factors affecting tobacco were simulated by using the actual planting sites basing on the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) and Geographic Information System(ArcGIS 10.2). The results showed that: (1) MaxEnt model had a high accuracy in predicting the suitable distribution of tobacco area (AUC=0.854). (2) Altitude (650-1750 m), soil type (yellow soil), minimum temperature at the rosette stage (8.9-15.0℃), temperature at the prosperously growing stage (16-22.9℃), and temperature at the maturing stage (18.8-25.6℃) are the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of tobacco area in Hubei. (3) The highly suitable areas of tobacco are mainly distributed in Enshi, Shiyan, the southern of Xiangyang and the southeastern of Yichang, accounting for 18.2% of the total area of Hubei Province, with the mainly climate characteristics of altitude(700-1350m), the average minimum temperature(11.2-14.5℃), the average temperature (19.2-22.8℃), and the average temperature in the mature period (22.0-25.4℃). (4) Altitude plays a decisive role among all environmental factors, and temperature is an important meteorological factor affecting the growth and development of tobacco. The results are basically consistent with the actual spatial distribution of tobacco growing areas in Hubei Province, which can provide a theoretical reference for the scientific planting and distribution of tobacco.